20.500.12556/DKUM-90905 Kalivost testnih rastlin kot pokazatelj zrelosti komposta iz izrabljenega gobjega substrata magistrsko delo Test plant germination as an indicator of spent mushroom substrate compost maturity Povečanje proizvodnje gob prinaša izzive pri ravnanju z izrabljenim gobjim substratom, ki nastane po pridelavi gob. Namesto da predstavlja odpadek, ga lahko koristno uporabimo v različne namene, tudi kot material za kompostiranje. V raziskavi smo preverjali, kako različna obdobja kompostiranja izrabljenega gobjega substrata, ki ostane po pridelavi bukovega ostrigarja, vplivajo na zrelost komposta, njegove kemične lastnosti ter kalivost testnih rastlin, navadne pšenice (Triticum aestivum L.) in grškega sena (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Kompostiranje substrata je trajalo 84 dni, pri čemer smo kompost vzorčili v 14-dnevnih razmikih (0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 in 84 dni) ter analizirali različne kemične parametre, tudi tiste, ki veljajo za pokazatelje zrelosti komposta, kot so pH, vsebnost organskega ogljika in N v mineralni in organski obliki. V testih kalivosti smo uporabili vodne ekstrakte vzorcev komposta. Rezultati kažejo, da se kemične lastnosti med kompostiranjem pomembno spremenijo; pH se postopno poveča iz kislega v alkalno območje (s pH 5,4 na 8,1), vsebnost organske snovi se z 62 % zmanjša na 53 %, C/N razmerje s 43,0 na 19,5 in razmerje N-NH₄/N-NO₃ s 24 na 5,4, kar nakazuje zrelost komposta. Testi kalivosti so pokazali, da ima kompost iz zgodnejših faz kompostiranja (14 dni) močan fitotoksični učinek, kar se je izrazilo v znatno nižji uspešnosti kalitve in rasti obeh testnih rastlin. Pšenica se je izkazala kot bolj občutljiva testna rastlina za zaznavo fitotoksičnosti v primerjavi z grškim senom. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov lahko sklepamo, da izrabljen gobji substrat po 84 dneh kompostiranja doseže zrelost in je primeren za nadaljnjo uporabo kot gnojilo. The increase in mushroom production presents challenges for the management of spent mushroom substrate in mushroom production. Instead of being seen as waste, it can be used for a variety of beneficial purposes, including composting material. In this study, it was investigated how different composting periods of spent mushroom substrate, left after oyster mushroom production, affect the maturity of the compost, its chemical properties and the germination of the test plants, common wheat and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). The composting of the substrate was carried out for 84 days, sampling the compost at 14-day intervals (0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days) and analysing various chemical parameters, including those considered as indicators of compost maturity, such as pH, organic carbon and N content in mineral and organic form. Water extracts of the compost samples were used in the germination tests. The results show, that the chemical properties change significantly during composting; the pH gradually increases from the acidic to the alkaline range (from pH 5.4 to 8.1), the organic matter content decreases from 62% to 53%, the C/N ratio from 43.0 to 19.5 and the N-NH₄/N-N-NO₃ ratio from 24 to 5.4, indicating the maturity of the compost. The germination tests showed that compost from earlier stages of composting (14 days) has a strong phytotoxic effect, which was reflected in a significantly lower germination and growth performance of both test plants. Wheat proved to be a more sensitive test plant for the detection of phytotoxicity compared to Fenugreek. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the spent mushroom substrate reaches maturity after 84 days of composting and is suitable for further use as fertiliser. Pleurotus ostreatus izrabljen gobji substrat kompostiranje zrelost komposta fitotoksičnost Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate composting compost maturity phytotoxicity true true false N. Gačnikar Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-10-03 18:10:24 2025-05-05 11:46:55 2025-05-06 03:07:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF ( X, 47 str., [2] str. pril.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 635.8:631.879.4:632.95.024(043)=163.6 234752003 MAG_Gacnikar_Nastja_2024.pdf MAG_Gacnikar_Nastja_2024.pdf 1 6470438BD5345F776FE7AD86CD0240BD 95ed8e6ab166a5813ff18056e9afc0fc2a1cbea95163b66656e9e6345fdbc014 f000e40d-8244-11ef-9b6b-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=186241 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0