20.500.12556/DKUM-91295 The effects of long-term moderate exercise and Western-type diet on oxidative/nitrosative stress, serum lipids and cytokines in female Sprague Dawley rats Purpose: Regular exercise reduces obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, health-promoting benefits of physical activity are commonly associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Here, we tested whether constant moderate exercise is able to prevent or attenuate the oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and serum lipids in lean and obese rats. Methods: Four-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats received standard or a high-fat diet. Animals were subjected to a physical activity protocol, consisting of 30 min forced treadmill exercise for 5 consecutive days per week during 10 months. Baseline and sedentary (non-exercised) rats were used as controls. Lipids, oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nitric oxide metabolites, and pro- and anti-inflammatory markers were measured in blood collected upon euthanasia. Results: At variance to young baseline control rats, 14-month-old animals fed normal diet had increased plasma lipid levels, including total cholesterol and triglycerides, which were further elevated in rats that consumed a high-fat diet. While treadmill exercise did not lower the amount of serum lipids in standard diet group, forced physical activity reduced non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in response to high-fat diet feeding. Exercised rats fed standard diet or high-fat diet had lower abundancy of nitric oxide metabolites, which coincided with increased levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Accordingly, the amount of nitric oxide metabolites correlated inversely with oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and homo-arginine. Exercise significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines in high-fat diet fed rats only. Conclusion: Our study suggests that regular exercise alters the equilibrium between oxidative and anti-oxidative compounds and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines. long-term moderate exercise nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase oxidized LDL Sprague Dawley rats western-type diet zmerna vadba dušikov oksid sintaza dušikovega oksida oksidirani LDL podgane Sprague Dawley zahodna prehlana true false true Steinkopff Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Znanstveno delo 2024-12-10 09:25:05 2024-12-10 09:51:39 2024-12-11 03:10:49 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 0 Str. 255-268 št. 1 Letn. 61 July 2021 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2021-03-01 2021-07-05 2021-07-28 616.1 130737155 10.1007/s00394-021-02639-4 1436-6215 Semeraro-2022-The_effects_of_long-term_moderat.pdf Semeraro-2022-The_effects_of_long-term_moderat.pdf 1 B219B6D74CE1D7BA3E89DB47EC44BD27 750532a26c3c06dfff0bccba84ff33c8c9b14da51d174d34f4af072d845cf87c 9288a02f-b6d3-11ef-9a40-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=187225 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02639-4 0 440028a4-b6d0-11ef-9a40-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=187224 Medicinska fakulteta 0 0 0