20.500.12556/DKUM-91399 Komunikacija z otroki z motnjo avtističnega spektra Communication with children with autism spectrum disorder Uvod: Komunikacija z otroki z avtizmom je ključnega pomena za njihov razvoj, vključevanje v okolje in kakovost življenja. Kljub težavam njihovega izražanja in razumevanja obstajajo številne verbalne in neverbalne intervencije, ki lahko učinkovito izboljšajo interakcijo in omogočijo boljše razumevanje njihovih potreb. Komunikacija z njimi zahteva prilagoditev intervencij glede njihove specifičnosti in invalidnosti. Metode: Izvedli smo pregled, analizo in sintezo literature v angleškem jeziku brez časovnih omejitev. Znanstveno literaturo smo iskali v CINAHL Ultimate (EBSCOhost), PsychARTICLES (EBSCOhost), PubMed, ScienceDirect in dodatno v Google Scholar. Članke, ki so ustrezali našim kriterijem in omejitvam, smo vključili v podrobno analizo ter jih razvrstili po nivojih glede na hierarhijo dokazov. Podatke smo prikazali s pomočjo evalvacijske in sintezne tabele. Rezultati: V končno raziskavo smo vključili 11 raziskav. Ugotovili smo, da se z verbalnimi in neverbalnimi komunikacijskimi intervencijami spontana komunikacija otrok z avtizmom izboljša, povedo več (novih) besed, besede so bolj razumljive, poveča se socialno-komunikacijsko vedenje, poveča se čas, preživet v igri, namenjeni razvoju, vzpostavijo se boljši odnosi s starši, zmanjša se problematično vedenje. Razprava in zaključek: Za najbolj učinkovite verbalne intervencije so se izkazale jasnost in enostavnost komunikacije, ponavljanje besed, prilagoditev hitrosti govora, uporaba konkretnih izrazov. Pri neverbalnih intervencijah smo izpostavili slike, simbole, očesni stik, govorico telesa. Rezultati kažejo, da kombinacija verbalnih in neverbalnih intervencij ter individualni pristop omogočata boljšo vključitev otrok z avtizmom v komunikacijske interakcije. Introduction: Communication with children with autism is cruicial for their development, integration into the enviroment and quality of life. Despite difficulties in expressing and understanding them, there are a number of verbal and non-verbal interventions that can effectively improve interaction and enable a better understanding of their needs. Communication with them requires adapting interventions to their specificity and disability. Methods: Scientific literature was searched in CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsychARTICLES (EBSCOhost), PubMed, ScienceDirect and additionally in Google Scholar. Articles that met our criteria and limitations were included in the detailed analysis and were ranked according to the herarchy of evidence. We presented the data using an evaluation and a synthesis table. Results: 11 studies were included in the final study. We found that with verbal and non-verbal communication interventions, spontaneous communication of children with autism improves, they say more (new) words, words are more understood, socio-communicative behaviour increases, time spent in developmental play increases, better relationship with parents are established and problem behaviour decreases. Discussion and conclusion: The most effective verbal interventions were clarity and simpicity of communication, repetition of words, adjustment of speech rate, use of concrete expressions. For non-verbal interventions, pictures, symbols eye contact, body language were highlighted. The results show that a combination of verbal and non-verbal interventions and an individual approach allows for a better inclusion of children with autism in communicative interactions. Medosebni odnosi terapevtske intervencije otroci in mladostniki avtizem Interpersonal relationships therapeutic interventions children and adolescents autism true true false [U. Krajnc] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2024-12-18 14:33:45 2025-01-17 16:23:18 2025-01-29 14:43:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.896-053.2:316.772(043.2) 222843395 VS_Krajnc_Ulla_2024.pdf VS_Krajnc_Ulla_2024.pdf 1 AF84488F78809BA45C01A77364963B22 44f87e99e0fbd3640d6f1a13048b7c002d38bd592a857dc60bc3d03ad2894bda 7faed7ab-bd46-11ef-8070-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=187440 Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0