20.500.12556/DKUM-91827 Optimizacija postopka hidrotermične razgradnje olupkov ananasa ( ananas comosus ) za pridobivanje sekundarnih surovin magistrsko delo Optimization of the hydrothermal decomposition process of pineapple ( ananas comosus) peel waste for obtaining secondary raw materials Ananas je trajnica družine Bromeliaceae, katere plodove konzumirajo po vsem svetu. Velja za eksotično sadje prijetnega okusa in arome, ki se uživa samostojno ali pa se uporablja v različnih produktih. Vendar pa s predelavo ananasa pridelamo tudi velike količine odpadkov, od 25 do 35 % teže sadja, ki lahko povzročajo veliko obremenitev za okolje in onesnaženje. Konvencionalne in nekonvencionalne ekstrakcije so se izkazale kot učinkovite metode za procesiranje odpadkov ananasa. Med nekonvencionalnimi ekstrakcijskimi tehnikami največ zanimanja vzbujajo hidrotermični postopki za procesiranje biomase, saj pri teh postopkih sočasno potekajo reakcije razgradnje odpadne biomase s podkritično vodo in separacijo razgradnih produktov. Podkritična voda se nanaša na tekočo vodo pri temperaturi in tlaku pod kritično točko (Tc = 374,15 ºC, Pc = 22,1 Mpa). Glavni namen magistrske naloge je bil načrtovanje in optimizacija postopka izolacije vrednih spojin iz ananasovih olupkov z uporabo metode odzivinih površin z zasnovo Box-Behnkenovega načrtovanja. Hidrotermično razgradnjo olupkov ananasa smo izvedli pri različnih pogojih, kjer smo spreminjali tri parametre: temperaturo (180, 200, in 220 ºC), čas (15, 30 in 45 min) in razmerje topilo-material (10:1, 20:1 in 30:1 mL/g). Ugotovili smo, da so optimalni pogoji za ekstrakcijo sladkorjev, derivatov sladkorjev, celokupnih ogljikovih hidratov in totalnih fenolov pri temperaturi: 200 ºC, času 30 min in razmerju topilo-material 20:1 mL/g. Največji vpliv na ekstrakcijo vrednih spojin s subkritično vodo imata temperatura in čas, saj se z višanjem temperature ekstrahira večja količina vrednih spojin. Večinoma smo v razgradnih produktih iz odpadnih olupkov ananasa, zaznali visoke vrednosti antioksidativne aktivnosti (od 54,5 do 78 %) ter vsebnosti fruktoze (od 15,10 do 18,20 mg/ g ekstrakta), glukoze (od 14,40 do 18,31 mg/ g ekstrakta) in totalnih fenolov (od 90,50 do 156,90 mg/ g ekstrakta). The pineapple is a perennial plant from the Bromeliaceae family, whose fruits are consumed all over the world. It is considered an exotic fruit with a pleasant taste and aroma, which is eaten on its own or used in various products. However, the processing of pineapples also generates large amounts of waste, between 25 to 35% of the fruit's weight, which can cause a large burden on the environment and pollution. Conventional and non-conventional extractions have proven to be effective methods for processing pineapple waste. Among the non-conventional extraction techniques, hydrothermal methods for processing biomass have attracted the most interest, as by these methods the decomposition reactions of the waste biomass with subcritical water and the separation of the decomposition products take place simultaneously. Subcritical water is defined as liquid water at a temperature and pressure below the critical point (Tc = 374.15 ºC, Pc = 22.1 Mpa). The main objective of the master thesis was the development and optimization of the isolation process of valuable compounds from pineapple peels using the response surface method with Box-Behnken design. The hydrothermal decomposition of pineapple peels was carried out 17 times under different conditions, changing three parameters: temperature (180, 200 and 220 ºC), time (15, 30 and 45 min) and solvent-material ratio (10:1, 20 :1 and 30:1 mL/g). We found that the optimal conditions for the extraction of sugars, sugar derivatives, total carbohydrates and total phenols are at a temperature of 200 ºC, a time of 30 min and a solvent-material ratio of 20:1 mL/g. Temperature and time have the greatest influence on the extraction of valuable compounds with subcritical water, as a larger amount of valuable compounds is extracted with increasing temperature. High antioxidant activity (from 54.5 to 78 %) of extracts and the content of fructose (from 15.10 to 18.20 mg/g of extract), glucose (from 14.40 to 18.31 mg/g of extract) and total phenols (from 90,50 do 156,90 mg/ g of extract) were detected in the decomposition product. ekstrakcija s subkritično vodo ananas (Ananas comosus) analiza razgradnih produktov HPLC antioksidativnost derivati sladkorja extraction with subcritical water pineapple (Ananas comosus) analysis of degradation products HPLC antioxidant activity sugar derivatives true true false [A. M. Črešnar] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-02-11 01:29:49 2025-03-03 09:55:36 2025-03-08 03:08:24 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XII, 67 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 66.061.3:[631.576.4:634.774](043.2) 228277507 MAG_Cresnar_Ana_Marija_2025.pdf MAG_Cresnar_Ana_Marija_2025.pdf 1 AB9CCB9E56F6ED283458ECBB48BC0146 0535fcee7c089da3234aa6091a5117be9a97acd9b4976e8564f2cac2e0fef2f4 7c8431c5-f50b-11ef-8ea5-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=188879 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0