20.500.12556/DKUM-91971 Kibernetski kriminal in ukrepi pridobivanja prometnih in uporabniških podatkov telekomunikacijskih storitev ter pravica do zasebnosti magistrsko delo Cybercrime and legal measures to obtain traffic and user data of telecommunications services and the right to privacy Predmetno magistrsko delo v kontekstu kibernetskega kriminala obravnava problematiko varstva pravice do zasebnosti v okviru prikritih preiskovalnih ukrepov pridobivanja komunikacijskih in uporabniških podatkov telekomunikacijskih storitev. Zaradi samega načina delovanja sodobne družbe v smislu globoke prepletenosti z informacijsko tehnologijo, je tako tudi samoumevno, da se zaradi vse večje povezanosti sveta, kot tudi uporabe informacijskih tehnologij oz. storitev, povečuje pojavnost kibernetskega kriminala. Za pregon slednjega morajo organi pregona imeti na razpolago ustrezne mehanizme tako v tehničnem smislu, torej tehnično znanje in tehnično opremo za pregon tovrstne specifične oblike kriminala, kot tudi zakonske rešitve v smislu nabora ukrepov, ki jim sploh omogočajo učinkovit pregon kibernetskega kriminala. Tovrstni zakonski mehanizem za učinkovit pregon kibernetskega kriminala med drugim predstavljajo prikriti preiskovalni ukrepi pridobivanja prometnih in uporabniških podatkov telekomunikacijskih storitev. Omenjeni ukrepi že zaradi same narave predstavljajo znaten poseg v človekove pravice in svoboščine tistih, zoper katere so odrejeni, predvsem pa v pravico do zasebnosti. Omogočajo namreč pridobivanje širokega nabora podatkov, ki organom pregona dopuščajo intenziven in dodelan vpogled v zasebno življenje posameznikov. Zaradi navedenega je potrebno pravici do zasebnosti v okviru tovrstnih ukrepov nameniti posebno pozornost, za kar je potrebno tudi poznavanja geneze razvoja ukrepov pridobivanja prometnih in uporabniških podatkov telekomunikacijskih storitev. Ta pokaže, da je znaten vpliv na razvoj imela tako sodna praksa Evropskega sodišča za človekove pravice kot tudi Ustavnega sodišča Republike Slovenije. Sodna praksa se na družbene spremembe odziva hitreje kot zakonodajalec. V sedanji slovenski kazensko procesno pravni ureditvi je pravica do zasebnosti ustrezno varovana, saj je zakonodajalec ob zakonskih spremembah ukrepov pridobivanja prometnih in uporabniških podatkov telekomunikacijskih storitev sledil sodni praksi in z vsebinskimi omejitvami znatno zvišal raven varstva pravice do zasebnosti. Ob tem pa je za varstvo pravice do zasebnosti pomembno tudi to, da ima nacionalna kazensko procesna pravna ureditev vzpostavljene tudi ustrezne mehanizme varovalk, ki bi naj preprečevale oz. sanirale kršitve človekovih pravic in svoboščin ter dokaznih prepovedi. Primarno vlogo v tovrstnem sankcioniranju kršitev igra ekskluzija dokazov, ki pa je v slovenski kazensko procesno pravni ureditvi relativno stroga, saj naše kazensko procesno pravo ekskluzijo ureja v absolutni obliki, ki načeloma ne dopušča nobenih ekskluzijskih izjem, razen v primeru, ko gre za horizontalna razmerja. The master's thesis in the context of cybercrime examines issue of protecting the right to privacy in the context of covert investigative measures to obtain communication and user data of telecommunication services. Due to the way modern society functions, especially in terms of intense intertwining with information technology, it is also self-evident that due to the increasing interconnectedness of the world, as well as the use of information technologies and service, the incidence of cybercrime increases. In order of effective prosecution of the cybercrime, the law enforcement authorities must possess appropriate mechanisms in both - a technical sense, that is, technical knowledge and technical equipment for the prosecution of this specific form of crime, as well as specific legal solutions or mechanisms in terms of measures that could enable the law enforcement with effectively prosecuting cybercrime. Such a type of legal mechanisms for the effective prosecution of cybercrime are among other things also covert investigative measures, that allow the law enforcement to obtain traffic and user data of telecommunications services. These measures, do to their very nature, cause a significant interference with a wide array of human rights and freedoms of those against whom they are ordered, but they especially interfere with and individuals right to privacy. They allow the acquisition of a wide range of data, which then enables law enforcement authorities an intensive and detailed insight into the private lives of individuals. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to the right to privacy within the framework of such measures, what also requires the understanding of the genesis of the legal development of the latter. This shows that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the jurisprudence the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia played a significant role in the development of said covert measures. The courts respond to social changes faster than the legislative bodies. In the current Slovenian criminal procedural law the right to privacy is adequately protected, the legislator followed the case law with substantive restrictions significantly increased the standard of protection of the right to privacy in the context of covert investigative measures to obtain communication and user data of telecommunications services. For the protection of the right to privacy, it is also important that the national criminal procedural law contain adequate safeguard mechanisms, which are supposed to prevent or remediate violations of human rights and freedoms and evidence restrictions. The primary role in the sanctioning violations of this type is played by the institute of exclusion of evidence, which is relatively strictly regulated in the Slovenian criminal procedural law as it regulates exclusion in an absolute form, which in principle does not allow any exclusionary exceptions, except in the case of horizontal relations. kibernetski kriminal pravica do zasebnosti komunikacijska zasebnost prikriti preiskovalni ukrepi sodobne tehnologije pregon storilcev kaznivih dejanj ekskluzija dokazov cybercrime right to privacy communication privacy covert investigative measures modern technologies prosecution of criminals exclusion of evidence true true false L. Šijanec Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-03-08 16:01:52 2025-05-19 11:36:55 2025-05-20 03:15:20 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (72 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.3/.7:621.39(043.3) 236332803 MAG_Sijanec_Luka_2025.pdf MAG_Sijanec_Luka_2025.pdf 1 165529356073606DCE50DA0AE0409A47 67abe407bb4dd415631eea2a410a84b7c3331c535f05aab9ebf40d95f13a9812 92b6783f-fc35-11ef-9f5a-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=189060 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0