20.500.12556/DKUM-92012 Izkoriščanje delavcev v kapitalističnih družbah popolna konkurenca, monopson, pravične plače, potilnice Exploitation of workers in capitalist societies: perfect competition, monopsony, fair wages, sweatshops Trgi niso popolnoma konkurenčni, saj nekateri gospodarski akterji, predvsem lastniki, v resničnem svetu posedujejo stopnjo tržne moči. Vprašanje je, v kolikšni meri so delavci v kapitalističnih sistemih izkoriščani. Ugotavljamo, da lahko delodajalci zaradi tržnih pomanjkljivosti svojim zaposlenim plačajo manj, kot je njihov mejni produkt. Predstavili bomo pojav monopsona, kako deluje in kako ga regulirati. Številni argumenti, ki se zavzemajo za plačo za preživetje, ne uspejo dokazati, da delodajalci delavcem dolgujejo plačo za preživetje. Prav tako obstaja nesoglasje o tem, kaj šteje za dovolj visoko in dovolj spodobno plačo. Mnoga podjetja za zmanjšanje stroškov proizvodnjo selijo v države tretjega sveta, kjer ljudje delajo v potilnicah, za katere so značilni izredno slabi delovni pogoji. Zastavlja se vprašanje, v kolikšni meri so ljudje, ki delajo v potilnicah, v to prisiljeni. Ugotavljamo, da lahko potilnice obravnavamo kot etično in gospodarsko sporne. Kljub temu le-te velikemu deležu delavcev predstavljajo najboljšo alternativo. Dandanes približno milijarda ljudi živi v državah, ki so se znašle v revščini in se v tej revščini tudi zataknile. Iz tega sledi vprašanje, zakaj nekatere države niso ušle revščini. Predstavili bomo razvojne pasti, zaradi katerih je situacija v določenih državah tako nezavidljiva, ter potencialne ukrepe za odpravo revščine. Markets are not perfectly competitive, as some economic actors, especially owners, possess a degree of market power in the real world. The question is to what extent workers are exploited in capitalist systems. We find that employers may pay their employees less than their marginal product due to market imperfections. We will present the phenomenon of monopsony, how it works and how to regulate it. Many arguments in favor of a living wage fail to demonstrate that employers owe workers a living wage. There is also disagreement about what counts as a high enough and decent enough salary. In order to reduce costs, many companies move production to third world countries, where people work in sweatshops, which are characterized by extremely poor working conditions. The question arises as to what extent people who work in sweatshops are forced to do so. We conclude that sweatshops can be considered as ethically and economically controversial. Nevertheless, they represent the best alternative for a large proportion of workers. Nowadays, approximately one billion people live in countries that have fallen into poverty and are stuck in it. This raises the question of why some countries have not escaped poverty. We will present the development traps that make the situation in certain countries so unenviable, as well as potential measures to eliminate poverty. Izkoriščanje monopson trg dela določanje plač potilnice Exploitation monopsony labour market wage-setting sweatshops true true false P. Hroval Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-03-11 11:24:24 2025-05-20 09:26:13 2025-05-21 03:08:58 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, 61 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 331.5:349.232(043.2) 236443907 MAG_Hroval_Primoz_2025.pdf MAG_Hroval_Primoz_2025.pdf 1 2C7C1AA55DAAE147839B3FDC726C98BF 51b50b9e74c8df53a23344ab04fb628942f026027af9373e130b92ac0483a4c1 67f521e4-fe64-11ef-b15e-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=189159 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0