20.500.12556/DKUM-92178 Efficient β-galactosidase immobilised on glycidyl methacrylate polyHIPE Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) monoliths (PolyGMA) were synthesized by high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) templating and polymerisation. The porous monoliths exhibited a hierarchical porous structure with primary pores (cavities, average diameter 35 µm) interconnected by secondary pores (average diameter 5 µm). FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the chemical composition and identified characteristic functional groups of both GMA and EGDMA. The polyGMA materials were ground and sieved to obtain particles between 710 µm and 1000 µm in diameter, which were subsequently used to immobilize the enzyme β-galactosidase. Immobilization was performed using two methods, namely direct binding via epoxide groups and binding after the activation with glutaraldehyde. The glutaraldehyde method resulted in higher enzyme loading (0.43 mg of enzyme per 100 mg of polyGMA) and significantly improved catalytic activity compared to direct binding. The immobilized β-galactosidase was used for lactose hydrolysis under various conditions using both batch and flow-through reactors. Optimal activity was observed at pH 6.5 and 35°C, with kinetic parameters vmax = 0.64 mmol∙L -1 ∙min-1 and �� = 38.8 mmol∙mol-1 . Reuse tests showed stable performance over five cycles. Comparatively, non-porous polyGMA exhibited negligible enzymatic activity compared to polyHIPE supported enzyme. In addition, lactose hydrolysis was investigated in a flow-through system at different flow rates (0.5–2.5 mL∙min- ¹). The highest conversion (100%) was observed at a flow rate of 0.5 mL∙min-¹, while a higher flow rate of 2.5 mL∙min-¹ resulted in a lower conversion (approx. 35%), both at the lactose concentration of 4 g∙L - ¹. immobilized enzymes glycidyl methacrylate polyHIPE β-galactosidase beta-galactosidase polimeri imobilizirani encimi galaktosidaze true false true Elsevier Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/polymer Članek v reviji 2025-03-19 03:07:10 2025-03-21 07:59:11 2026-04-01 11:49:37 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 27 str. št. članka 128264 Let. 325 14 Mar. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-01-28 2025-03-08 2025-03-14 66 229255427 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128264 1873-2291 1-s2.0-S0032386125002502-main.pdf 1-s2.0-S0032386125002502-main.pdf 1 92C8BA214DFB9DA8D084D3C289DF7F40 13eae2bd7cf4b9f25dd3150c0732e733e114a1679a84f913f0bf789a363704c0 15beac67-0622-11f0-90ca-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=189547 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032386125002502?via%3Dihub 0 17edc825-2db0-11f1-b2eb-00155d0001a1 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=204961 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0