20.500.12556/DKUM-92202 Functional coatings with ethyl cellulose-calcium carbonate alkaline nanoparticles for deacidification and mechanical reinforcement of paper artifacts Paper artifacts susceptible to acid hydrolysis and mechanical stress require effective conservation methods to ensure their longevity. In this study, a novel approach for the deacidification of acidic paper using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) [1,2]-ethylcellulose nanoparticles (CaCO3-EC NPs) dispersed in a non-aqueous ethyl acetate solution is presented. The dispersions were carefully prepared and applied to model acidic paper samples using a dipcoating method and then analyzed for their effectiveness. Transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of agglomerates containing quadrangular alkaline nanoparticles with diameters of 40 to 100 nm and a total agglomerate size of 250 nm. Hydrodynamic analyzes indicate the presence of a swollen ethyl cellulose coating on these agglomerates, which facilitates their dispersion. The results show the effectiveness of the CaCO3-EC NPs system in neutralizing acidic components (change of paper pH from 4.3 to 7) due to the homogeneous distribution within the paper substrates, effectively arresting the degradation processes. Acid-base titration showed a linear correlation between the concentration of alkaline nanoparticles and the alkaline reserve, emphasizing the role of ethylcellulose in facilitating particle transport within the paper matrix. In addition, ethylcellulose was found to improve the mechanical properties of the treated paper, as demonstrated by the standard mechanical tests. Importantly, the optical properties remained unchanged after treatment, as no adverse changes in color were observed. These results underline the effectiveness of the developed deacidification dispersions for the treatment of acidic paper and potentially other cellulose-based cultural heritage documents prone to acidic degradation. This approach offers promising implications for preserving and restoring valuable historical materials. ethylcellulose calcium carbonate functional coating deacidification strengthening cultural heritage etilceluloza kalcijev karbonat razkisanje krepitev kulturna dediščina nanodelci true false true Elsevier Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/surfaces-and-interfaces © 2025 The Author(s) Članek v reviji 2025-03-20 12:24:10 2025-03-20 12:24:11 2026-01-09 03:11:03 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 10 str. Vol. 60, [article no.] 106065 Mar. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2024-07-31 2025-02-17 2025-02-19 620.3 228807171 10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106065 2468-0230 1-s2.0-S2468023025003256-main.pdf 1-s2.0-S2468023025003256-main.pdf 1 60CF6BA9DE0F309915E697E769DCCA38 744174e60c0db1fc8c261e2e9a513a17f40e7bb12b46cb70277e78a34e2fbe08 80f6eeef-ec88-11f0-a4e9-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=201836 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468023025003256?via%3Dihub 0 87c821e3-ec88-11f0-a4e9-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=201837 S2468023025003256.htm S2468023025003256.htm 1 BBD39A47F5FBBF6A7D09E62D02CBA5A2 998fb17211bbf25b4f0c1938dbad0f842685796abbb1d75aa14fbea07c287d55 aa2f6c09-057e-11f0-9be3-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=189517 Fakulteta za strojništvo 0 0 0