20.500.12556/DKUM-92342 Izbira habitata evropskega bobra Castor fiber (Rodentia: Castoridae) na Goričkem (severovzhodna Slovenija) Habitat selection of European beaver Castor fiber (Rodentia: Castoridae) in the Goričko region (Northeastern Slovenia) Evropski bober je v Sloveniji in večjem delu Evrope v začetku 20. stoletja veljal za izumrlo vrsto. Ob koncu 20. stoletja se je po številnih reintrodukcijah in uveljavitvi ohranitvenih ukrepov ponovno razširil. V Sloveniji se je vnovič naselil leta 1998, na Goričkem leta 2016. V zimi 2021/22 smo na Goričkem popisali šest vodnih teles, na katerih je bilo med letoma 2016 in 2020 potrjeno pojavljanje te vrste. Namen popisa je bil ugotoviti značilnosti bobrovega habitata na Goričkem glede na ključne okoljske dejavnike, ki mu omogočajo preživetje. Zaradi zgodnje faze naselitve smo domnevali, da je bober za svoj teritorij izbral optimalne habitate. Na izbranih odsekih vodnih teles smo popisali 82 ploskev. Aktivnost bobra je bila potrjena na 71 % ploskev s stoječo in 26 % ploskev s tekočo vodo. Najpogostejši tip kopenskega habitata so bile njive. Gozd je pokrival le 18 % ploskev. Bober je bil najpogosteje zabeležen prav na ploskvah z gozdom (73 %). Brežine vodnih teles so bile v glavnem zelo strme (> 60°). Sledovi bobra so bili najpogosteje najdeni na brežinah z višino do vključno 1 m, naklonom 30°–60° in povprečno 500 m oddaljenostjo od naselij. Vodotoki, ki jih je na Goričkem naselil bober, so razmeroma ozki in plitki, a jih bober kljub temu naseljuje. Najpomembnejši okoljski dejavnik za bobre je razpoložljivost ustrezne lesne vegetacije, s katero se hrani predvsem jeseni in pozimi. Poznavanje značilnosti in izbire habitata je pomembno za varstveno upravljanje in monitoring bobra na Goričkem in v Sloveniji. The European beaver was considered an extinct species in Slovenia and much of Europe in the early 20th century. At the end of the 20th century, it expanded again following numerous reintroductions and the implementation of conservation measures. In Slovenia, it has been present again since 1998 and in Goričko since 2016. During the winter of 2021/22, we surveyed six water bodies in the Goričko region, where beaver presence was confirmed between 2016 and 2020. The purpose of the survey was to determine the characteristics of beaver habitat at Goričko based on key environmental factors that enable its survival. Due to the early stage of colonization, we assumed that beavers had chosen optimal habitats for their territory. We surveyed 82 plots in selected sections of the water bodies. Beaver activity was confirmed on 71% of plots with standing water and 26% of plots with flowing water. The commonest types of terrestrial habitats were fields, while forests were present on 18% of the plots. Beavers were most frequently found on plots with forested areas (73%). The banks of the water bodies were generally very steep (> 60°). Signs of beaver activity were most commonly found on banks with a height of up to 1 meter, a slope of 30°–60°, and an average distance of 500 metres from settlements. The watercourses inhabited by beavers at Goričko are relatively narrow and shallow, yet beavers can still be found there. The most important environmental factor for beavers is the availability of suitable woody vegetation, which they primarily feed on in the autumn and winter. Understanding habitat characteristics and selection is essential for conservation management and monitoring of beavers at Goričko and Slovenia. Castor fiber evropski bober ekološke spremenljivke Castor fiber European beaver ecological variables true false true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Goričko (Slovenija); Znanstveno delo 2025-04-01 03:07:53 2025-05-06 09:07:58 2025-05-07 03:09:54 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 str. 5-20 št. 2 Letn. 26 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2024-12-21 591.522:636.932.2(497.4-18) 223633411 10.14720/ns.26.2.5-20 1580-0814 RAZ_Kolosa_Laura_2024.pdf RAZ_Kolosa_Laura_2024.pdf 1 D5286216A6B8AB55890D82825E291821 f303d9f57dd1816572e60b47180464f2b00d1e43aa952d72db375d943cdb7b1a c1fa71d6-2a48-11f0-a27b-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=190673 https://doi.org/10.14720/ns.26.2.5-20 0 b8ed54d5-2a48-11f0-a27b-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=190672 Fakulteta za naravoslovje in matematiko 0 0 0