20.500.12556/DKUM-92596 Procedure for the determination of the appropriate protective foil size to reduce step voltage using a FEM model and evolutionary methods When a fault occurs in a power transmission system, voltages that are dangerous to people may occur. The aim of this work is to present the following method of protection: the use of protective foil installed at the appropriate depth around the transmission pole. Moreover, a procedure is presented for determining the optimal size of the protective film using a minimum number of finite element method calculations. In addition to the finite element method, evolutionary methods are used to determine the appropriate coefficients. Real earthing system data, earth data, and the fault current are obtained from the Slovenian system operator (ELES, d.o.o.) and used exclusively in the presented analyses. The results of determining the appropriate size of the protective foil for two transmission poles are presented, and the determination of the required breakthrough strength of the materials used is shown. The suitability of the proposed method is confirmed. This method is practical and useful when protection with protective foil is required, ensuring only as much as necessary is applied. transmission system touch voltage touch voltage step voltage grounding system differential evolution artificial bee colony teaching–learning-based optimization prenosni sistemi stopenjska napetost napetost dotika diferencialna evolucija umetna kolonija čebel true true false MDPI Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4611 © 2025 by the authors Članek v reviji 2025-04-23 15:20:25 2025-04-23 15:20:25 2025-09-12 12:15:07 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 32 str. iss. 9, [article no.] 4611 Vol. 15 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno apc 2025-04-16 2025-04-18 2025-04-22 621.3 233961731 10.3390/app15094611 2076-3417 applsci-15-04611.pdf applsci-15-04611.pdf 1 36CF8DAFECC696D20308122B55F44107 6812d7da7b3261ebac71184c192272c8ece43b1461496984e9932248b7ee19a8 f88a8d8e-2045-11f0-adc7-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=190485 Fakulteta za elektrotehniko, računalništvo in informatiko 0 0 0