20.500.12556/DKUM-92648 Primerjava uspešnosti alternativnih kazni in zaporne kazni pri zmanjševanju povratništva diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje A comparison of the effectiveness of alternative sanctions and prison sentences on reducing recidivism Skozi desetletja je kazen zapora postala predmet številnih razprav in kritične presoje. Svoboda je ena izmed temeljnih človekovih pravic, zato je mogoče pričakovati, da se kazen zapora kot način kaznovanja uporablja le kot skrajno sredstvo. Zapor ne predstavlja vedno najučinkovitejše oblike kaznovanja, saj lahko za storilca pomeni kruto in ponižujočo sankcijo, ki pogosto povzroči negativne posledice na njegovo psihološko stanje, socialne odnose in življenjske priložnosti. Prav tako negativno vpliva na finančno blagostanje in odnose posameznika. Posledično se je v sodobnih kazenskopravnih sistemih razvila vrsta alternativnih kazni, katerih osnovni namen je nadomestiti kratkotrajne zaporne kazni in zmanjšati velike stroške zapornih kazni ter negativne učinke institucionalizacije, ki lahko vodijo v povratništvo. Med ključne dejavnike, ki vplivajo na preprečevanje povratništva, sodijo socialna podpora, dostop do izobraževanja in usposabljanja, zaposlitve, kakovost rehabilitacijskih programov ter osebne značilnosti posameznika. Zaporna kazen v obliki dolgotrajne izolacije obsojencev od širše družbe in njihova stigmatizacija povečujeta tveganje za povratništvo. Nasprotno alternativne kazenske sankcije prispevajo k zmanjšanju povratništva, saj storilcu omogočajo ohranjanje stikov z družbenim in s socialnim okoljem, nadaljevanje zaposlitve in sodelovanje v različnih programih izven zapora, ki pripomorejo k njihovi resocializaciji. Over the decades, imprisonment has been the subject of much debate and critical assessment. Freedom is one of the fundamental human rights, and it is therefore to be expected that imprisonment as a form of punishment is used only as a last resort. Imprisonment is not always the most effective form of punishment, as it can be a cruel and humiliating sanction for the offender, which often has negative consequences on his psychological state, social relationships and life opportunities. It also has a negative impact on the financial well-being and relationships of the individual. As a result, a range of alternative sanctions have developed in modern criminal justice systems, the primary purpose of which is to replace short-term prison sentences, and reduce the high costs of imprisonment and the negative effects of institutionalization that can lead to recidivism. Key factors that influence the prevention of recidivism include social support, access to education and training, employment, the quality of rehabilitation programs and the personal characteristics of the individual. Imprisonment in the form of long-term isolation of prisoners from the wider society and their stigmatization increases the risk of recidivism. In contrast, alternative criminal sanctions contribute to reducing recidivism, as they enable the offender to maintain contact with the social environment, continue employment, and participate in various programs outside the prison that contribute to their resocialization. zapori alternativna kazen povratništvo sankcije diplomske naloge alternative sanction prison recidivism sanction true true false F. Artič Slemenšek Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-05-05 09:04:55 2025-05-19 14:11:43 2025-05-21 09:25:52 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 2025 Ljubljana V f., [35] str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.8(043.2) 236376323 UN_Artic_Slemensek_Fiona_2025.pdf UN_Artic_Slemensek_Fiona_2025.pdf 1 FD440DF1FB78A169F428C9A81C66FA21 c396c081d926b6467e55b8e0bc1cd7d6fb23b7a95177fca536ebc7f5927c321a c966f366-31be-11f0-832c-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=191055 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0