20.500.12556/DKUM-93125 Zaznavanje mirnodobnih dejavnosti oboroženih sil kot vira ogrožanja okolja ekološko-kriminološki pristop Perception of peacetime activities of the armed forces as a source of threat to the environment: green criminology approach doktorska disertacija Višja ekološka ozaveščenost in prizadevanje družbe za uresničevanje trajnostnih ciljev prispeva k pomenu okolja kot vrednote, ki jo moramo ohraniti. Različne znanstvene discipline so sicer že opozorile na nekatere okoljske vplive mirnodobnih dejavnosti oboroženih sil. Z vidika ekološke kriminologije ugotavljamo manko prispevkov o specifičnih povzročiteljih okoljske škode, kot so oborožene sile. V disertaciji z ekološko-kriminološkega vidika pojasnjujemo kompleksno problematiko vojaške dejavnosti kot vira ogrožanja okolja. Pri obstoječi vojaški tehnologiji v uporabi in načinu vojskovanja so okoljske posledice vojaških dejavnosti predvidljive. Generična dejavnost oboroženih sil ima negativne posledice za okolje. Vojska je velik porabnik virov, onesnaževalec in proizvajalec emisij. Iz tega razloga lahko zgolj omeji negativne vplive na okolje oziroma poveča svojo energetsko učinkovitost. Vojaško zavezništvo Nata promovira skrb za okolje, blažitev negativnih okoljskih posledic vojaških dejavnosti in prispevek k okoljski varnosti, pri čemer se tovrstna orientiranost odraža tudi v delovanju nacionalnih oboroženih sil. Oborožene sile imajo sicer neko svojo notranjo dinamiko razvoja, medtem ko so predvsem v demokratičnih ureditvah pod civilnim nadzorom in njene naloge temeljijo na civilni zakonodaji, pri čemer so zmogljivosti teh pogojene z odločitvami političnih odločevalcev in gospodarske moči države. Slovenska vojska in nekatere njene mirnodobne dejavnosti imajo v primerjavi s tujimi oboroženimi silami podobne okoljske vplive in s tem podobna okoljska vprašanja, ki ob neustreznem pristopu reševanja tako vojaških odločevalcev kot lokalne skupnosti lahko vodijo v zaskrbljenost, nezaupanje, družbeno nasprotovanje ali konflikt. Tudi v Republiki Sloveniji obstaja dolgotrajno nasprotovanje glede statusa in vojaških dejavnosti na osrednjem vadišču Slovenske vojske. Slovenska vojska se podobno kot tuje oborožene sile soočajo z izzivom uravnoteženja zagotavljanja vojaške pripravljenosti in uresničevanjem trajnostnih ciljev. Vzporedno z doktrinarnimi spremembami vojskovanja, tehnološko modernizacijo in evropskimi okoljskimi strategijami se tudi za obrambno ministrstvo odpirajo možnosti z razmahom vojaško-okoljskega kompleksa, kjer je energetska učinkovitost oboroženih sil dosegljiv cilj. Kot dobro izhodišče je deklarativna odločenost Ministrstva za obrambo in Slovenske vojske prispevati k varovanju okolja pred vplivi vojaških dejavnosti ter zavezanost k spoštovanju okoljske zakonodaje. V zvezi okoljske problematike na osrednjem vadišču Slovenske vojske bi morali odločevalci več pozornosti nameniti reševanju vplivov vojaških dejavnosti, ki jih prebivalstvo zaznava kot najbolj ogrožajoče. Ekološko kriminaliteto oboroženih sil v Republiki Sloveniji glede na kontekstualne značilnosti predstavimo kot problematično na politični in geografski dimenziji. Due to higher environmental awareness and efforts to realize sustainable goals, the environment remains an important social value. Various scientific disciplines have already pointed out some of the environmental impacts of peacetime activities of the armed forces. We note that there is a lack of academic knowledge in green criminology about specific perpetrators of environmental harm, such as the armed forces. In this dissertation, we explain the complex issue of military activity as a source of environmental threat from a green criminological perspective. With the existing military technology in use and the way of warfare, the environmental consequences of military activities are predictable. The generic activity of the armed forces has negative consequences for the environment. The military is a major consumer of resources, a polluter, and a producer of emissions. For this reason, it can only limit negative impacts on the environment or increase its energy efficiency. The NATO military alliance promotes care for the environment, mitigating the negative environmental consequences of military activities and contributing to environmental security, whereby this orientation is also reflected in the operation of the national armed forces. The armed forces do have their internal dynamics of development, while they are primarily under civilian control in democratic systems, their tasks are based on civilian legislation, and their capabilities are conditioned by the decisions of political decision-makers and the economic power of the country. Compared to foreign armed forces, the Slovenian armed forces and some of its peacetime activities have similar environmental impacts and thus similar environmental issues, which can lead to concern, mistrust, social opposition, or conflict if both military decision-makers and local communities do not take an appropriate approach to solving them. Even in the Republic of Slovenia, there is long-standing opposition regarding the status and military activities at the central training ground of the Slovenian armed forces. The Slovenian Armed Forces, like foreign armed forces, face the challenge of balancing the provision of military readiness and the realization of sustainable goals. In parallel with doctrinal changes in warfare, technological modernization, and European environmental strategies, opportunities are also opening up for the Ministry of Defense with the expansion of the military-environmental complex, where the energy efficiency of the armed forces is an achievable goal. We positively assess the declarative determination of the Ministry of Defense and the Slovenian Armed Forces to contribute to the protection of the environment from the effects of military activities and the commitment to respect environmental legislation. Regarding environmental issues at the central training ground of the Slovenian Armed Forces, decision-makers should pay more attention to addressing the impacts of military activities that the population perceives as the most threatening. Environmental crime by the armed forces in the Republic of Slovenia, given its contextual characteristics, is presented as problematic on the political and geographical dimensions. ekološka kriminaliteta okoljska škoda vojska mirnodobne dejavnosti zaznavanje doktorske disertacije environmental crime environmental harm armed forces military perception true true false S. Grčar Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Doktorsko delo/naloga 2025-06-08 10:42:46 2026-04-17 13:31:19 2026-04-18 03:18:51 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Ljubljana 2026 Ljubljana XV, 601 str. 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 355/359:504(043.3) 275627267 DOK_Grcar_Silvo_2026.pdf DOK_Grcar_Silvo_2026.pdf 1 FC1274422010FAA128D08EC6547FA58C a768992367f5283d396dc4b7cfc3bf7009e873a039f0acc218e9eb1726d42e28 0e6fb4bd-2ff8-11f1-be4e-00155d0001a1 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=205039 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0