20.500.12556/DKUM-93340 Neprištevnost kot kazenskopravni institut izključitve krivde diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje Insanity as a criminal law statute of the exclusion of guilt V slovenski pravni ureditvi se krivda ugotavlja po vrstnem redu treh elementov. Prvi, in za naše pojme najpomembnejši, je prištevnost, ki se nanaša na duševno stanje storilca v trenutku izvršitve kaznivega dejanja. Če tega stanja ni mogoče domnevati, kot je to običajno, se začne kompleksen postopek ocenjevanja stopnje prištevnosti, kar lahko pomembno vpliva na potek kazenskega postopka in odločitev o krivdni odgovornosti. V primeru, da je ugotovljena neprištevnost, krivda ni podana, kar pomeni, da storilec ni kazensko odgovoren in mu za dejanje ne sme biti izrečena kazen. V prvem sklopu diplomskega dela so bili predstavljeni temelji za razumevanje obravnavanega kazenskopravnega instituta, kot je pravna podlaga, krivda in kazenska odgovornost, pogoji neprištevnosti ter psihiatrično izvedenstvo. V empiričnem delu pa je bila izvedena kvalitativna analiza sodne prakse, s pomočjo katere so bile primerjane pravne posledice prištevnih in neprištevnih storilcev, analiziran način obravnave primerov bistveno zmanjšane prištevnosti ter identificirani ključi dejavniki ugotavljanja neprištevnosti storilcev hudih nasilnih kaznivih dejanj. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se neprištevnim ne izrekajo kazni ali opozorilne sankcije kot prištevnim, temveč varnostni ukrepi obveznega psihiatričnega zdravljenja, ki je lahko zavodsko ali na prostosti, pri čemer se razlikuje tudi namen prejete sankcije. Izkazalo se je tudi, da je vloga izvedenskih mnenj strokovnjakov s področja psihiatrije, pri primerih tako neprištevnosti kot bistveno zmanjšane prištevnosti, izredno pomembna, saj nanje sodišča v veliki meri opirajo svoje končne odločitve. In the Slovenian legal system, guilt is established through three elements. The first, and most important in our terms, is sanity, which refers to the mental state of the perpetrator at the time of the crime. If this condition cannot be assumed, as is usually the case, a complex process of assessing the level of sanity begins, significantly affecting the course of the criminal procedure and the decision of culpable liability. If insanity is established, guilt is not assigned, meaning that the perpetrator cannot be held criminally liable and cannot be sentenced for the act. The first part of the thesis presents the foundations for understanding the criminal law statute in question, including the legal basis, guilt and criminal liability, conditions of insanity, and the role of psychiatric forensic expertise. In the empirical part, a qualitative analysis of case law was conducted, comparing the legal consequences of criminal responsibility between mentally sane and insane offenders, analysing how cases of significantly reduced sanity were handled, and identifying key factors in determining the criminal insanity of offenders of serious violent crimes. It was found that insane perpetrators are not given punishments or warning sanctions like sane, rather, they receive security measures of compulsory psychiatric treatment, which can be either institutional or outpatient, and the purpose of the sanction differs as well. It has also been shown that expert opinions from psychiatrists are extremely important in cases of both insanity and significantly reduced sanity, as courts rely heavily on them when making their final decisions. psihiatrično izvedenstvo diplomske naloge insanity criminal liability exclusion of guilt psychiatric forensic expertise true true false T. Starc Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-06-19 17:30:11 2025-09-08 16:53:13 2025-09-09 03:36:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 2025 Ljubljana VI f., 49 str. 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343:616.89(043.2) 248129539 UN_Starc_Tjasa_2025.pdf UN_Starc_Tjasa_2025.pdf 1 7AC167CA2604D1E104DA576540A30E34 cb555462ddd9d5ea2c6ca7c5434c7415bb870e10220dc78a05125bad5eac845d f09a10e5-576b-11f0-bb83-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=193179 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0