20.500.12556/DKUM-93370 Študijski primeri ocenjevanja krožnosti za podjetja in države diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje Case studies on assessing circularity for companies and countries Krožno gospodarstvo je ključni koncept za zmanjšanje okoljskih pritiskov in učinkovitejšo rabo virov, vendar ostaja njegovo merjenje metodološko zahtevno zaradi pomankanja standardizacije in omejene dostopnosti podatkov. V diplomskem delu smo uporabili razširjeno metodo MICRON, ki omogoča izračun indeksa krožnosti na vseh ravneh in vključuje pet kategorij: voda, energija, emisije, odpadki in materiali. Na mikro ravni smo analizirali stopnjo krožnosti izbranega proizvodnega podjetja in primerjali rezultate za normalizacijo kazalnikov po prihodkih in po masi proizvedenih produktov. Ugotovili smo, da izbira normalizacije pomembno vpliva na rezultate v ocenjevanem obdobju, saj vrednosti normaliziranih kazalnikov ne kažejo istih trendov. Prihodki so namreč naraščali zaradi povečevanja cen kljub nekoliko nižjemu obsegu proizvodnje. Na makro ravni smo izvedli primerjavo med Slovenijo, Hrvaško in Avstrijo. Analiza je pokazala, da Slovenija v povprečju dosega višji indeks krožnosti kot Hrvaška, pri čemer so ključne razlike zlasti v kategoriji voda in odpadki. Vse analizirane države pa izkazujejo nizko krožnost na področju emisij in materialov. Dodatno smo analizirali podindeks energije za vse države EU, kjer smo zaznali velika odstopanja med državami. Povprečje EU je razmeroma nizko, najvišjo stopnjo krožnosti pa dosegajo severnoevropske države. Med posameznimi kazalniki smo zaznali največji napredek pri deležu proizvedene brezogljične energije, medtem ko je delež oskrbe z obnovljivimi viri še vedno zelo nizek v večini držav. Ugotovitve potrjujejo potrebo po nadaljnjih analizah na vseh ravneh in razvoju usklajenih politik, ki bodo podprle prehod v bolj krožne modele na vseh ravneh. Circular economy is a key concept for reducing environmental pressures and using resources in a more efficient way, nevertheless, its measurement remains methodologically challenging due to a lack of standardization and limited availability of data. In this thesis the extended MICRON method, which enables the calculation of a circularity index at all levels and includes the five categories water, energy, emissions, waste and materials has been applied. We have analysed the degree of circularity of a selected manufacturing company on a micro level and have compared the results for a normalization of indicators by revenue and by the weight of manufactured goods. We have come to the conclusion that the choice of normalization has a great impact on the results in the evaluation period, since the normalized indicators do not exhibit the same trends. The increase in revenue was namely driven by rising prices, despite a slight decline in production volume. Furthermore, we have also conducted a comparison between the countries Slovenia, Croatia and Austria on a macro level. The results of the analysis have revealed that, on average, Slovenia achieves a higher circularity index than Croatia, with the most significant differences observed in the water and waste categories. All countries included in the analysis have demonstrated a low circularity in the area of emissions and materials. We have additionally analysed the energy sub-index for all countries of the European Union and have detected large deviations between countries. While The European Union average is relatively low, the highest level of circulation has been achieved by Northern European countries. The greatest improvement was observed among the individual indicators in the share of produced carbon-free energy, while the share of renewable energy is still quite low in most countries. The findings confirm the necessity for additional analyses at every level and the development of coordinated policies, which would support the transition into more circular models on all levels. krožno gospodarstvo kvantitativno vrednotenje kategorije raven podjetja raven držav in Evropske unije energija circular economy quantitative assessment categories company level national and European Union level energy true true false [J. Mikložič] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-06-22 21:02:01 2025-07-14 12:25:31 2025-07-25 03:12:06 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 29 f.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 66.012:330.3(043.2) 243673859 UN_Miklozic_Jan_2025.pdf UN_Miklozic_Jan_2025.pdf 1 2C2BBCA1E84C72140AFCFA4ACA3C72F8 0afad0853d573a9cd681c0195cf647e8cb0be80d3d2a7edeba5f0d49afb4d1ce fb8b878e-5645-11f0-8520-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=192982 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0