20.500.12556/DKUM-93445 Kriva ovadba za kaznivo dejanje in stigmatizacija posameznika v družbenem okolju magistrsko delo Defamation and false accusations in criminal law and the stigmatisation of the individual in the social environment Magistrska naloga obravnava kaznivo dejanje krive ovadbe kot specifično obliko zlorabe kazenskega pregona, ki ima lahko resne posledice za posameznika in negativno vpliva na delovanje pravne države. Analiza magistrskega dela je osredotočena na pravno opredelitev kaznivega dejanja krive ovadbe, njegove konstitutivne elemente ter razmejitev do sorodnih kaznivih dejanj, zlasti obrekovanja in krive izpovedbe. Posebna pozornost je namenjena zahtevnosti dokazovanja krivde, ki predstavlja enega temeljnih elementov navedenega kaznivega dejanja. Podrobneje so obravnavani direktni naklep, zavest o neresničnosti navedb in voljna komponenta – torej namen sprožiti kazenski postopek zoper osebo, za katero naznanitelj ve, da kaznivega dejanja ni storila. Ključna elementa kaznivega dejanja krive ovadbe sta (1) zavest storilca, da ovadena oseba ni storila kaznivega dejanja in (2) zavedanje o neresničnosti navedb, ki jih podaja izključno z namenom, da zoper ovadeno osebo sproži kazenski postopek. Prav ti elementi ločujejo kaznivo dejanje krive ovadbe od dobronamernih, a neutemeljenih ovadb. Poseben pomen se pripisuje utemeljitvi, zakaj je pomembno, da je kaznivo dejanje krive ovadbe izrecno urejeno v Kazenskem zakoniku. Jasna in nedvoumna pravna opredelitev prispeva k varovanju posameznikove pravne varnosti ter integritete kazenskega postopka. Le s takšno opredelitvijo je mogoče učinkovito razlikovati med dobronamernimi, a neutemeljenimi ovadbami, ter tistimi, katerih cilj je zloraba pravosodnega sistema. Kriva ovadba kot zloraba kazenskega pregona ne povzroča zgolj hudih posledic za posameznika, temveč spodkopava tudi temeljna načela pravne države. Zato se naloga osredotoča tudi na družbene in psihološke posledice neupravičenega vpletanja posameznika v kazenski postopek, pri čemer so posebej izpostavljene stigmatizacija, izguba ugleda in socialna izključenost. Naloga osvetljuje tudi učinkovitost zaščitnih mehanizmov, ki jih slovenski pravni red zagotavlja posamezniku v primeru neutemeljenega kazenskega pregona. Defamation and false accusations in criminal law and the stigmatisation of the Individual in the social environment The master's thesis examines the criminal offence of false accusation as a specific form of abuse of criminal prosecution, which can have serious consequences for the individual and a detrimental impact on the functioning of the rule of law. The analysis focuses on the legal definition of false accusation, its constitutive elements, and its distinction from related criminal offences, particularly defamation and perjury. Special attention is devoted to the evidentiary challenges involved in proving guilt, which represents one of the essential elements of the offence. The thesis provides an in-depth analysis of direct intent, the offender’s awareness of the falsity of the allegations, and the volitional component—namely, the deliberate intent to initiate criminal proceedings against a person known to be innocent. The two key elements of the offence of false accusation are: (1) the offender's knowledge that the accused person did not commit the criminal offence, and (2) the awareness that the statements made are false, with the sole purpose of triggering criminal proceedings against that person. These elements clearly distinguish false accusation from well-intentioned but unfounded reports. Particular emphasis is attached to the justification for the explicit regulation of the criminal offence of false accusation in the Criminal Code. A clear and unambiguous legal definition contributes to the protection of individual legal security and the integrity of criminal proceedings. Only such a definition allows for an effective distinction between good-faith but unsubstantiated reports and those intended to manipulate or misuse the justice system. False accusation, as a form of abuse of criminal prosecution, not only causes severe harm to the individual, but also undermines fundamental principles of the rule of law. Therefore, the thesis also addresses the social and psychological consequences of unjustified involvement in criminal proceedings, with particular emphasis on stigmatization, loss of reputation, and social exclusion. Finally, the thesis highlights the effectiveness of protective mechanisms provided by the Slovenian legal system to safeguard individuals against unjustified criminal prosecution. kazenska odgovornost kriva ovadba kaznivo dejanje kazenski postopek pravni vidik stigmatizacije zloraba kazenskega postopka dokazni standard v kazenskem postopku criminal liability false accusation criminal offense criminal procedure legal aspect of stigmatization malicious prosecution standard of proof in criminal proceedings true true false M. Kuhnar Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-06-26 11:00:21 2025-09-04 13:04:52 2025-09-05 03:27:04 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IV, 45 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 347.9(043.3) 247718915 MAG_Kuhnar_Marinja_2025.pdf MAG_Kuhnar_Marinja_2025.pdf 1 E8C9642C1E63138DE10138123BD30167 61c064ae065d14b7a17aea40080c5d0155dae74c2768e1e636bef084958772e4 8d82dc6a-526c-11f0-a710-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=192771 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0