20.500.12556/DKUM-93891 Značilnosti živali in njihove vloge v izbranih slovanskih primerjalnih frazemih Animal characteristics and their roles in selected comparative Slavic phrasemes V prispevku preučujemo knjižne slovenske, hrvaške, makedonske in ruske primerjalne frazeme z zoonimno sestavino, ki opredeljujejo človekove lastnosti (značajske, mentalne, telesne), človekova čustva in občutenja, vedenjske vzorce in stanja. Živalski frazemi s preslikavo zunanje podobe živali ter njenih ustaljenih, resničnih, domnevnih in pogosto antropomorfno pripisanih lastnosti na človeka označujejo ljudi in razkrivajo njihov značaj, poleg tega pa še nazorno prikazujejo človekovo vrednotenje živali v določeni skupnosti ter kakšen položaj ji ta pripisuje. Živali so največkrat instrumentalizirane za izražanje negativnih človeških značajev in medčloveških odnosov, kot so npr. lažnivost, lenoba, radovednost, neumnost, jeza, sovraštvo, ljubosumje, pijanost, redkeje pozitivnih, npr. delavnost, moč, zvestoba, ljubezen in razumevanje. V obravnavanih primerjalnih živalskih frazemih se nazorno razodeva hierarhičen človekov odnos do živali. Ohranja se središčnost človeške eksistence, živali pa so marginalizirane in v podrejenem položaju. Taka reprezentacija pa je nujno antropocentrična. This article is a comparative analysis of phrasemes in Standard Slovenian, Croatian, Macedonian and Russian. The phrasemes under investigation all contain a zoonymic element referring to people's emotions, feelings, behavioural patterns, as well as human conditions in terms of their personal, mental and physical characteristics. Animal phrasemes mapping the external appearance of animals and their established, real, supposed and often anthropomorphically ascribed characteristics onto a person are used to describe humans, revealing their characters. At the same time, they are indicative of the value and the position that people in a given community attribute to a particular animal. Animals are in most cases instrumentalized for the purpose of expressing negative human characteristics and interpersonal relationships such as lying, laziness, curiosity, stupidity, anger, hatred, jealousy, drunkenness, nervousness. Less frequently, they may express positive traits such as hard work, strength, loyalty, love and understanding. The animal phrasemes discussed in this article point very clearly to the hierarchical relationship between humans and animals. While the humans remain the centre of the universe, the animals are marginalized and in a subordinate position. Such representation then is necessarily anthropocentric in nature. slovenščina hrvaščina makedonščina ruščina frazeologija primerjalni frazemi zoonimi Slovenian language Croatian language Macedonian language Russian language phraseology comparative phrasems zoonyms true false true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Znanstveno delo 2025-07-25 03:12:13 2025-08-26 14:55:16 2025-08-27 03:50:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 69-104 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2025-07-10 81'373 240829443 243646467 10.18690/um.ff.5.2025.4 RAZ_Koletnik_Mihaela_2025.pdf RAZ_Koletnik_Mihaela_2025.pdf 1 C4C2B2B00551A15B2F75EE2131917740 642856762a83563325fe99466538e5407ec8a6832313870710ae4e8475b9ae6f 1b305d1e-827c-11f0-99c7-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=196443 https://press.um.si/index.php/ump/catalog/book/946/chapter/727 1 66182c4c-68f4-11f0-b339-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=194123 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0