20.500.12556/DKUM-94599 Vpliv časa setve na vznik, začetno rast in pridelek mešanice krmnega graha in navadne pšenice za prezimno ozelenitev tal diplomsko delo Sowing Time Effects on Germination, Early Growth, and Yield of a Mixture of Forage Pea and Common as winter cover crop Wheat Na kmetiji Kolednik, ki se nahaja v občini Markovci na Dravskem polju, je bil med oktobrom 2024 in aprilom 2025 izveden poskus z namenom oceniti vpliv časa setve na vznik, začetno rast in pridelek mešanice krmnega graha (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Asch., sorta 'Arkta') in navadne pšenice (Triticum aestivum L., sorta 'Izalco') za prezimno ozelenitev tal. Mešanica je bila izbrana na podlagi agronomskih in ekonomskih dejavnikov, saj se pšenica prideluje na kmetiji in se lahko uporabi kot lastno seme, krmni grah pa izboljšuje krogotok dušika s pomočjo simbioze z bakterijami iz rodu Rhizobium. Poskus je potekal na rjavih, srednje težkih in dobro prepustnih tleh, brez dodanih gnojil. Zasnovan je bil v dveh rokih setve. Spremljan je bil sklop rastlin (število rastlin/m²; posebej za pšenico, grah in plevele). Pred spomladansko obdelavo tal (zaoravanjem mešanice) je bil določen tudi pridelek nadzemne biomase (sveže mase in suhe snovi). Na podlagi rezultatov je bila omogočena ocena gostote posevka, enakomernosti vznika ter primerjava produktivnosti glede na čas setve. Rezultati potrjujejo, da zgodnejša setev omogoča večji pridelek biomase in hitrejše prekrivanje tal, vendar je s tem povezana tudi večja verjetnost pojava plevelov. Priporočeno je, da se čas setve uravnoteži glede na pričakovani pridelek in zapleveljenost, ob upoštevanju vremenskih in talnih razmer. Ugotovitve prispevajo k razumevanju učinkovite rabe dosevkov v poljedelski pridelavi brez živinoreje, kjer je ohranjanje organske snovi v tleh nujno za trajnostno kmetovanje in izboljšanje rodovitnosti tal. On the Kolednik farm, in the municipality of Markovci in the Drava Plain, a trial was conducted between October 2024 and April 2025 to evaluate the effects of sowing date on the emergence, early growth, and yield of a mixture of forage peas (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Asch., variety 'Arkta') and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., variety 'Izalco') as a winter cover crop. The mixture was selected according to agronomic and economic aspects, as the wheat is already grown on the farm and can be used as farm-saved seed, while the forage pea improves the nitrogen cycle through symbiosis with Rhizobium bacteria. The trial was carried out on brown, medium-heavy, well-drained soil without the addition of fertilisers. It was set up with two sowing dates. Plant density (number of plants per m²; recorded separately for wheat, peas and weeds) was monitored. The yield of above-ground biomass (fresh and dry matter) was also measured before tillage in spring (incorporation of the mixture). The results made it possible to assess crop density, uniformity of emergence, and a comparison of productivity as a function of sowing date. The results confirm that earlier sowing leads to a higher biomass yield and faster ground cover, but is also associated with a higher risk of weed emergence. It is recommended to adjust the sowing date based on the expected yield and weed pressure, taking into account weather and soil conditions. These results contribute to the understanding of the effective use of winter cover crops in non-livestock arable farming, where the preservation of soil organic matter is essential for sustainable prezimna ozelenitev čas setve krmni grah navadna pšenica vznik pridelek suhe snovi winter greening sowing time forage pea common wheat emergence dry matter yield true true false Ž. Kolednik Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-08-22 09:43:36 2025-09-04 09:06:47 2025-09-05 03:27:09 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, 27 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 633.11+633.35:631.53:041:631.559(043.2)=163.6 247621123 VS_Kolednik_Zan_2025.pdf VS_Kolednik_Zan_2025.pdf 1 046D4179976B4FD8C44947BFF1BA53F1 9bee16382e42f64a6835eeb8172638227776b68edec8bc6c892615b2197377c9 9b558dcd-7f32-11f0-a8d1-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=195936 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0