20.500.12556/DKUM-94791 Mala in srednje velika podjetja in kibernetski kriminal Small and medium-sized enterprises and cybercrime Mala in srednje velika podjetja (MSP) predstavljajo hrbtenico evropskega gospodarstva, vendar so zaradi omejenih finančnih in kadrovskih virov pogosto manj pripravljena na hitro razvijajoče se kibernetske grožnje. Digitalizacija jim prinaša večjo učinkovitost in dostop do trgov, hkrati pa povečuje njihovo izpostavljenost napadom. Najpogostejše oblike kibernetskega kriminala so zlonamerna programska oprema, izsiljevalska programska oprema, spletno ribarjenje, socialni inženiring, napadi na gesla ter napadi zavrnitve storitve. Posledice segajo od neposredne finančne škode do izgube podatkov in zaupanja strank. Raziskava Eurobarometer 496 je pokazala, da je več kot četrtina MSP v EU doživela kibernetski napad, pri čemer je zlonamerna programska oprema najpogostejša oblika kibernetskega napada. Kljub temu številni incidenti ostanejo neprijavljeni, največkrat zaradi pomanjkanja zaupanja v pristojne organe ali prepričanja, da napad ni bil dovolj resen. Veliko podjetij še vedno premalo vlaga v usposabljanje zaposlenih in vzpostavljanje varnostne kulture. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je za dolgoročno odpornost MSP nujno uvajanje celovitih varnostnih praks, ki vključujejo tehnične zaščitne ukrepe, redno izobraževanje zaposlenih, pripravo načrtov odziva na incidente ter aktivno sodelovanje z nacionalnimi in evropskimi institucijami. Le z večjim vlaganjem v kibernetsko varnost bodo MSP lahko ohranila konkurenčnost in zaupanje svojih strank. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) represent the backbone of the European economy; however, due to limited financial and human resources, they are often less prepared for rapidly evolving cyber threats. Digitalization offers them greater efficiency and access to markets, but it also increases their exposure to attacks. The most common forms of cybercrime include malware, ransomware, phishing, social engineering, password attacks, and denial-of-service attacks. The consequences range from direct financial losses to data breaches and loss of customer trust. The Eurobarometer 496 survey revealed that over a quarter of SMEs in the EU have experienced a cyberattack, with malicious software being the most common form. Nevertheless, many incidents remain unreported, most often due to a lack of trust in the relevant authorities or the belief that the attack was not serious enough. Many companies also still invest too little in employee training and in establishing a security-oriented culture. The findings suggest that for SMEs to achieve long-term resilience, it is essential to implement comprehensive security practices, which include technical protective measures, regular employee training, incident response planning, and active cooperation with national and European institutions. SMEs will only be able to maintain their competitiveness and the trust of their customers by investing more in cybersecurity. Mala in srednje velika podjetja kibernetski kriminal kibernetska varnost spletno ribarjenje zlonamerna programska oprema Eurobarometer 496 Small and medium-sized enterprises cybercrime cybersecurity phishing malware Eurobarometer 496 true true false B. I. Janžič] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-08-27 13:15:35 2025-10-23 10:48:32 2025-10-24 03:23:28 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 334.7:004.056.53 254426115 UN_Janzic_Blaz_Iztok_2025.pdf UN_Janzic_Blaz_Iztok_2025.pdf 1 21CA51BD5A3AB76FB2C813AFF211CDE5 a402d77e6ecf4ef1c0ea39f377485f46c24a917a07f91811a5e4455d32049cf9 5deefbbb-9809-11f0-88a2-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=199001 Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta 0 0 0