20.500.12556/DKUM-94843 Nameščanje tekem kot oblika organizirane kriminalitete diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo Match-Fixing as a form of organized crime V diplomskem delu smo se osredotočili na pojav nameščanja tekem kot obliko organizirane kriminalitete, ki predstavlja eno najresnejših groženj integriteti športa, saj spodkopava načela poštene igre in zmanjšuje vrednost športnega tekmovanja, hkrati pa gledalcem odvzema občutek nepredvidljivosti. Problem se kaže v povezavi med športom in nezakonitimi stavnimi trgi, kjer kriminalne združbe z manipulacijo izidov ustvarjajo velike finančne dobičke. Zaradi globalnega razvoja spletnega stavništva, hitrih denarnih prenosov in pomanjkljivega nadzora se je nameščanje tekem razvilo v čezmejni pojav, ki presega okvire posameznih držav. Namen raziskave je bil analizirati razloge, oblike in posledice tega pojava ter preučiti odzive pravosodnih organov in športnih organizacij. Posebna pozornost je bila namenjena pravnemu okviru v Sloveniji ter preventivnim mehanizmom, ki jih razvijajo nacionalne in mednarodne športne institucije. V teoretičnem delu smo najprej predstavili razumevanje pojma nameščanja tekem in ga opredelili kot zavestno manipulacijo športnih izidov zaradi pridobitve protipravne koristi. Poudarili smo, da so kriminalne mreže pri tem zelo prilagodljive, delujejo večnivojsko in izkoriščajo ranljivosti akterjev, kot so športniki, sodniki in klubsko osebje. Ti se pogosto znajdejo v finančnih težavah, so izpostavljeni neizplačanim plačam ali pa postanejo žrtve odvisnostnih razmerij, izsiljevanja in groženj. V empiričnem delu smo s pomočjo študij primerov analizirali konkretne afere, med drugim Asiagate v Zimbabveju, kriket škandal s Hansiejem Cronjejem ter afero namiznoteniških tekem v Ukrajini. Na podlagi teh primerov je bilo prikazano, kako se kriminalne mreže povezujejo s športnimi akterji, katere metode uporabljajo pri manipulaciji izidov in kakšne so bile sankcije za vpletene od disciplinskih ukrepov športnih organizacij do denarnih kazni in zapornih kazni v kazenskih postopkih. Mednarodne institucije so vzpostavile različne mehanizme za odkrivanje in preprečevanje manipulacij, a pregon ostaja otežen zaradi prikritosti dejanj, pomanjkanja dokazov in globalne narave stavniških trgov. Glavni namen diplomskega dela je bil opozoriti na nevarnosti, ki jih nameščanje tekem predstavlja za šport in širšo družbo, ter prispevati k ozaveščanju o potrebi po učinkovitejšem sodelovanju med športnimi organizacijami, državnimi organi in mednarodnimi institucijami pri preprečevanju tega pojava. In this thesis, we focused on the phenomenon of match-fixing as a form of organized crime, which represents one of the most serious threats to the integrity of sport, as it undermines the principles of fair play, diminishes the value of sporting competition, and deprives spectators of the element of unpredictability. The problem manifests itself in the connection between sport and illegal betting markets, where criminal groups manipulate outcomes in order to generate substantial financial gains. With the global expansion of online betting, rapid money transfers, and insufficient regulatory oversight, match-fixing has developed into a cross-border phenomenon that transcends the boundaries of individual states. The aim of the research was to analyze the causes, forms, and consequences of this phenomenon and to examine the responses of judicial authorities and sports organizations. Special attention was devoted to the legal framework in Slovenia and the preventive mechanisms developed by national and international sports institutions. In the theoretical part, we first presented the understanding of the concept of match-fixing and defined it as the deliberate manipulation of sporting outcomes for the purpose of obtaining unlawful benefits. We emphasized that criminal networks are highly adaptable, operate on multiple levels, and exploit the vulnerabilities of actors such as athletes, referees, and club officials. These individuals often face financial difficulties, are exposed to unpaid wages, or become victims of dependency relationships, extortion, and threats. In the empirical part, we analyzed concrete cases through case studies, including the Asiagate scandal in Zimbabwe, the cricket scandal involving Hansie Cronje, and the table tennis match-fixing affair in Ukraine. These cases demonstrated how criminal networks establish connections with sporting actors, which methods they use to manipulate results, and what sanctions were imposed on those involved ranging from disciplinary measures imposed by sports organizations to monetary fines and prison sentences under criminal law. International institutions have introduced various mechanisms for detecting and preventing manipulations, yet prosecution remains difficult due to the covert nature of the acts, the lack of sufficient evidence, and the global scope of betting markets. The main purpose of this thesis was to highlight the dangers that match-fixing poses to sport and to society at large, and to contribute to raising awareness of the need for more effective cooperation between sports organizations, state authorities, and international institutions in preventing this phenomenon. nameščanje tekem integriteta diplomske naloge match-fixing organized crime sport integrity true true false U. Kolar Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-08-28 10:59:54 2025-11-13 15:21:47 2025-11-14 03:10:58 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 2025 Ljubljana X f., 64 str. 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.341:796.093(043.2) 257137155 VS_Kolar_Urh_2025.pdf VS_Kolar_Urh_2025.pdf 1 3A221FC4BF8DBD0D4301C92DA6201B63 5f66943c8c9d2300d29bf06d853b4f74fba1cf4360656c14fe84e5f7ed55cb92 d9cddf52-9ebb-11f0-823e-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=199458 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0