20.500.12556/DKUM-94951 Odstranjevanje nečistoč iz pralnih vod farmacevtske industrije s kemijskimi metodami in vakuumskim uparjanjem magistrsko delo Removal of impurities from wash water of the pharmaceutical industry by chemical methods and vacuum evaporation Odpadki v farmacevtski industriji so sestavljeni iz ostankov proizvodnje, ki jih je treba ustrezno obdelati in odstraniti, pri čemer metoda odstranjevanja temelji na sestavi odpadkov. V podporo krožnemu gospodarstvu je zaželeno, da se odpadni tokovi uporabijo za koristne namene, kot je proizvodnja izdelkov z dodano vrednostjo. Pri magistrski nalogi smo se omejili na tokove, ki v farmacevtski industriji predstavljajo največjo problematiko in predvsem tiste, ki dajejo največjo energetsko korist. Dobljene tokove iz farmacevtske industrije smo preučili s fizikalno metodo – vakuumski uparjanjem in kemijskima metodama elektrokoagulacijo ter obarjanjem z apnom. Vakuumsko uparjanje smo izvedli pri različnih obratovalnih tlakih, kjer smo spremljali temperaturo uparjanja in koncentrata. Želeli smo doseči tlak, kjer pri procesu uparjanja ne bi presegli temperature 60 °C, saj ima obrat na voljo nizkotemperaturno toploto, katero smo želeli koristno uporabiti pri tem procesu. Dobljene produkte pri izbranem tlaku smo analizirali in izvedli meritve gostote, pH, prevodnosti, viskoznosti in nato še analize kemijske potrebe po kisiku (KPK), vsebnost dušika, fosforja, anionov, kationov ter vsebnost suhe snovi. Namen raziskave je bil očistiti tokove, ki nastajajo v farmacevtski industriji s pomočjo vakuumskega uparjanja, pri čemer bi čisto vodo uporabili pri nadaljnjem procesu, medtem ko bi ostanek koristno uporabili za sežig, kar bi služilo kot pridobljena toplota. S tem bi zmanjšali emisije onesnaževal v odpadnih tokovih in tako pripomogli k okoljski trajnosti. Waste in the pharmaceutical industry consists of production residues that must be properly treated and disposed of, with the disposal method based on the composition of the waste. In support of the circular economy, it is desirable that waste streams be used for beneficial purposes, such as the production of value-added products. In our master's thesis, we limited ourselves to the streams that pose the greatest problem in the pharmaceutical industry and, above all, those that provide the greatest energy benefit. We studied the flows obtained from the pharmaceutical industry using a physical method – vacuum evaporation – and chemical methods – electrocoagulation and lime precipitation. We performed vacuum evaporation at different operating pressures, monitoring the evaporation and concentrate temperatures. We wanted to achieve a pressure at which the evaporation process would not exceed a temperature of 60 °C, as the plant has low-temperature heat available, which we wanted to use in this process. We analysed the products obtained at the selected pressure and measured their density, pH, conductivity, and viscosity, followed by analyses of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, phosphorus, anion, cation, and dry matter content. The purpose of the research was to purify the streams generated in the pharmaceutical industry using vacuum evaporation, whereby clean water would be used in the further process, while the residue would be used for incineration, which would serve as heat recovery. This would reduce pollutant emissions in waste streams and thus contribute to environmental sustainability. odpadni tokovi v farmacevtski industriji vakuumsko uparjanje elektrokoagulacija okoljska trajnost waste streams in the pharmaceutical industry vacuum evaporation electrocoagulation environmental sustainability true true false [N. Fekonja] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-08-29 20:44:32 2025-10-28 13:47:31 2025-11-04 03:34:11 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (X, 55 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 628.349(043.2) 255636227 MAG_Fekonja_Nika_2025.pdf MAG_Fekonja_Nika_2025.pdf 1 6902872346AE17639B3503B9ADF5358C 0ec0f4a57bee1b75fc12e61b02bac3069939f49fabb1b37779dbb017c07d2fb4 c54e0095-b318-11f0-a3bd-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200202 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0