20.500.12556/DKUM-95367 Primerjalna analiza stroškov in koristi nakupa ali najema lokomotiv v železniškem prometu Comparative analysis of the costs and benefits of purchasing or leasing locomotives in railway transport V diplomskem delu obravnavamo vprašanje, ali je za železniška tovorna podjetja z vidika ekonomike poslovanja primernejši nakup ali najem lokomotive. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, katera možnost je dolgoročno bolj upravičena glede na obseg prevozov, finančne zmožnosti in strateške cilje podjetja. Analiza temelji na dejanski uporabi večsistemske električne lokomotive Siemens Vectron na slovenskih progah. V raziskavi smo izvedli primerjalni izračun celotnega stroška lastništva (TCO) ter ocenili donosnost investicije (ROI) za obe možnosti. Rezultati kažejo, da najem omogoča večjo prilagodljivost in nižji začetni vložek, kar je primerno za podjetja, ki se morajo hitro prilagajati trgu. Nakup pa zagotavlja več nadzora, samostojnosti in praviloma nižje skupne stroške pri intenzivni uporabi. Hipoteza, da je nakup finančno ugodnejši za podjetja z rednimi in obsežnimi prevozi, se je potrdila. Kljub temu odločitev ostaja odvisna od finančnih zmogljivosti, obratovalnih tveganj ter dolgoročne strategije podjetja. Predlagamo, da podjetja pred izbiro pripravijo lastne TCO izračune na podlagi realnih vhodnih podatkov in predvidene izkoriščenosti lokomotive. Naloga prispeva k razumevanju ekonomike odločanja pri upravljanju voznega parka in predstavlja izhodišče za dolgoročno optimizacijo poslovanja. This thesis examines whether it is more economical for freight railway companies to purchase or lease a locomotive. The aim of the research was to determine which option is more justified in the long term, considering the volume of transport, the financial capacity, and the strategic objectives of the company. The analysis is based on the actual use of a multisystem Siemens Vectron electric locomotive on Slovenian railway lines. The study includes a comparative calculation of the total cost of ownership (TCO) and an assessment of the return on investment (ROI) for both options. The results show that leasing provides greater flexibility and lower initial costs, which is suitable for companies that need to adapt quickly to market changes. Purchasing, on the other hand, ensures more control, independence, and generally lower overall costs with intensive long-term use. The hypothesis that purchasing is financially more advantageous for companies with regular and large-scale transport has been confirmed. However, the final decision still depends on the company’s financial capabilities, operational risk management, and long-term growth strategy. We propose that companies prepare their own TCO calculations based on real input data and the expected utilization of the locomotive before making a decision. The thesis contributes to the understanding of economic decision-making in fleet management and provides a basis for the long-term optimization of business operations. najem lokomotive nakup lokomotive železniški tovorni promet analiza stroškov Locomotive leasing locomotive purchase rail freight transport cost analysis true true false [J. Blagajac] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-09-15 14:50:09 2025-10-09 12:28:40 2025-11-03 14:37:59 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 33:656.2(043.2) 252496899 VS_Blagajac_Jas_2025.pdf VS_Blagajac_Jas_2025.pdf 1 3A0166ED8312948F9156B376FC6158DE 7a6b273b5b35f57b8ad0998c3e11506165948d699723c1555cd456a97df4c388 8e309130-9233-11f0-9bf2-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=198484 Fakulteta za logistiko 0 0 0