20.500.12556/DKUM-95462 Vpliv notranje faze na morfologijo polimernih materialov pri polimerizaciji emulzije diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje Influence of the internal phase on the morphology of polymeric materials during emulsion polymerization Namen diplomskega dela je bil sintetizirati poli(metil metakrilat-ko-etilen glikol dimetakrilat) monolite, krajše poli(MMA-ko-EGDMA), s polimerizacijo emulzij z različnim deležem notranje faze (0–95 vol%). Delež notranje faze se je izkazal kot ključen parameter za nastanek por in morfologijo končnega polimera. Pri nizkih deležih so nastali kompaktni monoliti, pri srednjih deležih se je razvila celična struktura z redkimi povezovalnimi porami, pri visokih deležih pa odprta makroporozna mreža. S pomočjo FT-IR spektroskopije in elementne analize smo potrdili uspešno vključitev monomerov MMA in EGDMA v polimerno mrežo. S SEM analizo smo potrdili prehod od kompaktne do spužvaste strukture, pri čemer se je v območju med 60 in 95 vol% notranje faze pokazalo izrazito povečevanje primarnih por ter postopno nastajanje in širjenje povezovalnih por, ob sočasnem tanjšanju sten porozne mreže. Meritve so potrdile, da povprečni premeri por in povezovalnih por naraščajo s povečevanjem deleža notranje faze. Premeri primarnih por so se v analiziranih vzorcih gibali od najmanjših 2,6 μm pri vzorcu PL-02 do največjih 44,2 μm pri PL-13, kar kaže na izrazito povečanje velikosti por. Povezovalne pore so bile zaznane šele od vzorca PL-08 dalje, pri čemer so se njihove vrednosti gibale od 0,7 μm (PL-08 in PL-10) do 10,3 μm (PL-13). Pri PL-09 so bile primarne pore enotne (≈5,5 μm), povezovalne pa majhne (1,2–1,8 μm). Tako primarne kot povezovalne pore so torej dosegle največje dimenzije v vzorcu PL-13 (95 vol% notranje faze). Specifična površina, določena z BET metodo, je prav tako naraščala z večanjem poroznosti in dosegla največjo vrednost 5,42 m²/g pri 80 vol% notranje faze. Rezultati tako jasno potrjujejo povezavo med deležem notranje faze, morfologijo in specifično površino polimernih materialov. The aim of this work was the synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monoliths, abbreviated as poly(MMA-co-EGDMA), by emulsion polymerisation with different proportions of the internal phase (0–95 vol%). The proportion of the internal phase proved to be a key parameter for pore formation and the morphology of the finished polymer. At low proportions compact monoliths were formed, at medium proportions a cellular structure with rare connecting pores developed and at high proportions an open macroporous network was obtained. Using FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, we confirmed the successful incorporation of the MMA and EGDMA monomers into the polymer network. SEM analysis confirmed the transition from compact to sponge-like structures with a pronounced increase in primary pores and the gradual formation and expansion of interconnecting pores observed in the range between 60 and 95 vol% of internal phase, accompanied by a thinning of the porous network walls. The measurements confirmed that the average diameters of the primary and connecting pores increased with increasing proportion of internal phase. In the samples analysed, the diameters of the primary pores ranged from 2.6 μm in sample PL-02 to 44.2 μm in PL-13, clearly showing a significant increase in pore size. Connecting pores were only detected from sample PL-08 onwards, with values between 0.7 μm (PL-08 and PL-10) and 10.3 μm (PL-13). In PL-09, the primary pores were uniform (≈5.5 μm), while the connecting pores were small (1.2–1.8 μm). Both the primary and the connecting pores thus reached their maximum size in sample PL-13 (95 vol% internal phase). The specific surface area, which was determined using the BET method, also increased with porosity and reached a maximum value of 5.42 m²/g at 80 vol% internal phase. The results therefore clearly confirm the correlation between the proportion of the internal phase, the morphology and the specific surface area of the polymer materials. HIPE poliHIPE poli(MMA-ko-EGDMA) delež notranje faze poroznost FT-IR spektroskopija SEM BET analiza. HIPE polyHIPE poly(MMA-co-EGDMA) internal phase fraction porosity FT-IR spectroscopy SEM BET analysis true true false [P. Lekan] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-09-19 12:51:18 2025-10-07 13:53:59 2025-11-04 03:34:10 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (X, 33 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 66.091.3:678.744.33(043.2) 255621635 VS_Lekan_Polona_2025.pdf VS_Lekan_Polona_2025.pdf 1 74D39C619BCE8519828E51F59530D3F7 3f39f1eabf99eb568fad26714d55fefd339661bb650b760c1f0b4c5bc0445299 1f6c62bf-a36b-11f0-b73b-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=199659 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0