20.500.12556/DKUM-95524 Uveljavljanje pravic iz delovnega razmerja v individualnih delovnih sporih magistrsko delo Enforcement of Rights Arising from Employment Relationships in Individual Labour Disputes V magistrski nalogi so podrobno analizirani določeni procesni vidiki individualnih delovnih sporov. Predhodni postopek v ZDR-1, ZJU in drugih zakonih predstavlja procesno predpostavko za sodno varstvo. Dvostopenjski postopek v ZJU javnim uslužbencem koristi in zvišuje njihovo pravno varstvo, kljub temu da velja za zastarelega. Na področju stvarne pristojnosti delovnih sodišč je problematična razmejitev pristojnosti pri članih organov vodenja in nadzora. Ker sodišča odločajo od primera do primera, pri tem pa za razliko od nemške ureditve ni jasnih zakonskih določb ali definicije sodne prakse, se pojavljajo nejasnosti, kdaj je, oziroma kdaj ni pristojno delovno sodišče. Določene težave so tudi pri razmejitvi pristojnosti pri navidezno samozaposlenih, javnih uslužbencih in odškodninskih sporih, ko je kot sospornik tožena zavarovalnica. Glede rokov za sodno varstvo je bilo ugotovljeno, da sodna praksa vztraja pri uporabi 30 dnevnega prekluzivnega roka po tretjem odstavku 200. člena ZDR-1 tudi za ugotovitvene zahtevke o obstoju delovnega razmerja. Takšno stališče je v nasprotju z mnenji dela stroke, ki zagovarja daljše roke, da se prepreči zloraba predvsem prekarnih delavcev. Sprememba sodne prakse s sklepom VII Ips 163/2018, s katero je Vrhovno sodišče omejilo možnost ugotovitvenega zahtevka na ugotovitev nezakonitosti odpovedi o zaposlitvi, odpira vprašanja o pravni varnosti in ustreznosti takšne omejitve za delavce. Sploh ob primerjavi z nemško ureditvijo, kjer je postopek jasen. Analiza začasnih odredb je pokazala, da delovna sodišča redko ugodijo predlogom za njihovo izdajo, še nikoli pa niso izdala začasne odredbe po uradni dolžnosti kljub izrecni zakonski možnosti. Razlogi za to so predvsem pomanjkanje dokazov, in da se sodišča strogo držijo, sicer instrukcijskega, roka za izdajo začasnih odredb. Trenutna slovenska ureditev kljub številnim varovalnim določbam pogosto ne dosega dejanske zaščite delavcev v individualnih delovnih sporih. Slovenski sistem bi se moral bolj zgledovati po rešitvah, uveljavljenih v nemškem pravnem redu. This thesis provides a detailed analysis of certain procedural aspects of individual labor disputes. The preliminary procedure in ZDR-1, ZJU, and other laws represents a procedural prerequisite for judicial protection. The two-stage procedure in ZJU benefits public servants and increases their legal protection, even though it is considered outdated. In the area of the substantive jurisdiction of labor courts, the division of jurisdiction among members of management is problematic. Since courts decide on a case-by-case basis and there are no clear legal provisions or definitions in case law, there is uncertainty as to when a labor court has jurisdiction There are also certain problems in the division of competences in cases of apparent self-employment, public servants, and compensation disputes where the insurance company is the defendant. With regard to the time limits for judicial protection, it has been established that case law insists on the application of a 30-day preclusive time limit under the third paragraph of Article 200 of the ZDR-1 also for declaratory claims regarding the existence of an employment relationship. This position is contrary to the opinions of some experts, who advocate longer deadlines to prevent abuse, especially of precarious workers. The change in case law with the Supreme Court's Decision VII Ips 163/2018, where it limited the possibility of a declaratory claim to a determination of the illegality of termination of employment, raises questions about legal certainty and the appropriateness of such a restriction for workers. This is especially true when compared to the German system, where the procedure is clear. An analysis of interim orders has shown that labor courts rarely grant requests for their issuance, and have never issued an interim order ex officio, despite the explicit legal possibility. The reasons for this are mainly the lack of evidence and the fact that the courts adhere to the deadline for issuing interim orders, which is otherwise only an instruction. Despite numerous protective provisions, the current Slovenian system often fails to provide effective protection for workers in individual labor disputes. The Slovenian system should take more inspiration from the solutions established in the German legal system. individualni delovni spor delovno procesno pravo predhodni postopek javni uslužbenci stvarna pristojnost prekluzivni rok posebnosti delovnega spora začasne odredbe izvršljivost sodb individual labor dispute labor procedural law preliminary proceedings public servants subject-matter jurisdiction preclusive deadline specific features of labor disputes temporary injunctions enforceability of judgments true true false J. Hauptman Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-09-23 22:36:20 2025-10-02 13:36:32 2025-10-03 03:32:50 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 87 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 331.109:349.2(043.3) 251507971 MAG_Hauptman_Jakob_2025.pdf MAG_Hauptman_Jakob_2025.pdf 1 F442FB55EDC60D632B737E65D7463305 c57fad836f1c6295be340f42dc578147c4f6963db7a264f8af2a214bc126cd6f fb246751-98be-11f0-8a3e-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=199093 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0