20.500.12556/DKUM-95724 Sustainable extraction of hemp seed and formulation extracts into organogels with analytical profiling of fatty acidssubcritical fluids in food processing Sustainable extraction methods for natural extracts are crucial for mitigating environmental impact. Strategies that focus on waste reduction and resource efficiency contribute to long-term conservation. Hemp seeds, which were previously treated as waste product, are now valued for their nutrition and functional properties. This study investigated sustainable extraction methods for obtaining natural extracts from hemp seeds, with a focus on reducing environmental impact through efficient resource utilization and waste reduction. The extraction methods compared included supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), Soxhlet extraction (SOX), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), cold maceration (CM), and cold pressing (CP). The contents of antioxidants, total phenols, and fatty acids in the extracts were analyzed via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The extracts were subsequently formulated into organogels to evaluate the stability of the fatty acids. The results showed that SFE and CP were the most efficient and environmentally friendly methods, with SFE allowing complete separation of the solvent from the extract. CP was also found to be effective and environmentally friendly. The study confirmed that formulating extracts in organogels effectively inhibited fatty acid oxidation, although a reduction in fatty acid content was observed during gel production. Overall, the formulation of extracts in organogels increased their stability, especially in preventing fatty acid degradation. supercritical fluid extraction ultrasound extraction cold pressing method fatty acids stability of formulations superkritična ekstrakcija tekočin ultrazvočna ektrakcija metoda hladnega stiskanja kisline true false true Oxford University Press Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://academic.oup.com/fqs © The Author(s) 2025 Članek v reviji 2025-10-15 14:47:14 2025-10-15 14:47:14 2025-10-16 03:14:45 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 12 str. [art. no.]. ǂ018 Vol. 9 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2024-09-23 2025-04-06 2025-05-30 66.02 253345539 10.1093/fqsafe/fyaf018 2399-1402 fyaf018.pdf fyaf018.pdf 1 5B9D06EBAACDD90C4FB816B8450928CF 5dc5ba173fa244a19a6f3ef45abbb8ebea9d3e959eca66620b7cd47ecbd26169 0d4f6303-a9c8-11f0-b438-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=199904 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0