20.500.12556/DKUM-95827 Prehrana pacientov s presajeno ledvico Nutrition of patients with kidney transplants Povzetek Uvod: Kronična ledvična bolezen je postopno napredujoče stanje, ki lahko vodi v končno ledvično odpoved. Presaditev ledvice predstavlja enega izmed najpomembnejših načinov zdravljenja končne ledvične odpovedi. Po presaditvi ima prehrana ključno vlogo pri dolgoročnem delovanju presadka ter pomembno prispeva k izboljšanju kakovosti življenja. Metode: Zaključno delo temelji na pregledu znanstvene literature o vplivu prehrane na ohranjanje ledvične funkcije po presaditvi ledvice. Uporabljena je bila metoda PIO za strukturirano iskanje virov, izbor literature pa je potekal v skladu s smernicami PRISMA. Vključene raziskave so bile ovrednotene na podlagi hierarhije dokazov. Rezultati so predstavljeni v evalvacijski tabeli ter sintetizirani z uporabo narativne sinteze. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da ustrezna prehrana pomembno vpliva na dolgoročno ohranjanje funkcije ledvičnega presadka, zmanjšuje tveganje za zaplete in izboljšuje kakovost življenja pacientov po transplantaciji. Bistveni prehranski poudarki so uravnotežen vnos beljakovin, nadzor elektrolitov ter individualno prilagojena prehranska obravnava glede na fazo zdravljenja. Posebno učinkoviti so celostni prehranski vzorci, kot so mediteranska, rastlinsko usmerjena in DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) dieta. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da je prehranska obravnava bistvena komponenta uspešnega dolgoročnega zdravljenja po presaditvi ledvice. Treba je okrepiti ozaveščanje in podporo pacientom pri upoštevanju individualnih prehranskih smernic, kar bi lahko dolgoročno prispevalo k boljši funkciji presadka, manjši pojavnosti zapletov ter izboljšani kakovosti življenja. Abstract Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a progressively advancing condition that can lead to end-stage renal failure. Kidney transplantation represents one of the most important methods of treating end-stage renal disease. After transplantation, nutrition plays a crucial role in the long-term functioning of the graft and significantly contributes to improving quality of life. Methods: This thesis is based on a review of scientific literature on the impact of nutrition on maintaining kidney function after transplantation. The PIO method was used for structured source searching, and the selection of literature followed PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were assessed based on the hierarchy of evidence. The results were presented in a evaluation table and synthesized using a narrative synthesis. Results: We found that appropriate nutrition significantly affects the long-term maintenance of kidney graft function, reduces the risk of complications, and improves the quality of life of patients after transplantation. Key dietary focuses include a balanced intake of proteins, electrolyte control, and individually tailored dietary management according to the stage of treatment. Comprehensive dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, plant-based diets, and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet are particularly effective. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that dietary management is an essential component of successful long-term treatment after kidney transplantation. It is necessary to strengthen awareness and provide support to patients in following individual dietary guidelines, as this can significantly contribute to better graft function, fewer complications, and improved quality of life. kronično ledvična bolezen transplantacija ledvic prehrana Keywords: chronic kidney disease kidney transplantation nutrition true false false [L. Bajrić] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-10-27 14:31:39 2026-01-12 08:50:43 2026-01-13 03:17:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 613.2-056.24:24:616.61-78(043.2) 262559747 VS_Bajric_Lejla_2025.pdf VS_Bajric_Lejla_2025.pdf 1 75D15C5CC4F66A48A850CA46D6B02F60 883062ff385fb16ca3808144cc146e1a83f583775d4fa72d7384c667232aeb25 84115f6f-b342-11f0-a3bd-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200221 Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0