20.500.12556/DKUM-95828 Teroristični napadi na mehke tarče študija primera osnovnih šol Terrorist attacks on soft targets: case study of elementary schools Diplomsko delo obravnava problematiko terorističnih napadov na osnovne šole kot tako imenovane mehke tarče. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da so osnovne šole kot javne ustanove oziroma zgradbe odprte in zato ogrožene. Poleg tega osnovne šole vsebujejo tudi eno izmed najbolj ranljivih skupin v družbi – otroke – kar v primeru napada pusti velike psihološke posledice in sproži buren odziv javnosti na dogodek, s tem pa dodatno pripomore k doseganju ciljev napadalcev. Navkljub svojim specifičnim ranljivostim, so osnovne šole v Sloveniji relativno varne pred terorističnimi napadi, vendar bi bilo vseeno smiselno vložiti v nadgradnjo varnostnih in nadzornih sistemov ter fizičnih preprek. Preko intervjujev z zaposlenimi na nekaterih osnovnih je bilo ugotovljeno, da so zaposleni v osnovnih šolah deležni osnovnih usposabljanj na področju varnosti in odzivanja na varnostne situacije, s poudarkom na AMOK situacijah – gre za drugačno obliko varnostne situacije, kot je teroristični napad. Osnovne šole v Sloveniji sicer še niso bile tarča terorističnega napada, bile pa so deležne groženj z eksplozivnimi telesi ali napada s hladnim ali strelnim orožjem – vsakokrat se je izkazalo, da gre zgolj za grožnjo. V svetovnem merilu so bile osnovne šole sicer večkrat tarča terorističnih napadov, vendar so precej večkrat tarča napadov lastnih ali nekdanjih učencev, zaposlenih oziroma lokalnih prebivalcev, ki pa niso politično ali versko motivirani, zato jih ni mogoče šteti pod teroristične napade. Teroristični napad na osnovne šole je torej precej malo verjeten, vendar so šole, zaradi posledic, ki bi jih napad povzročil, ter pomanjkanja varnostnih sistemov vseeno ogrožene. This thesis investigates the problem of terrorist attacks on elementary schools as so-called soft targets. It has been discovered that elementary schools face a higher risk, due to their status as a public institution. Furthermore, elementary schools contain one of the most vulnerable groups of society – children – in case of an attack, it would cause severe psychological consequences and a major public outburst, which would further the attackers’ goals. Despite their specific vulnerabilities, elementary schools in Slovenia are relatively safe from terrorist attacks, though it would still be reasonable to invest in upgrading their surveillance and security systems as well as physical barriers. Through interviews, conducted with employees of several elementary schools it has been discovered that employees get several trainings regarding security and responses to security threats, with focus on AMOK situations – a different type of security threat than terrorist attacks. Elementary schools in Slovenia have not yet been a target of a terrorist attack, though they have received bomb threats or threats regarding an attack with a firearm or a cold weapon – each time it remained at a threat. Elementary schools were targets of terrorist attacks a few times, across the world, though they are much more often targets of a current or former student, employee or a local resident, who are not politically or religiously motivated and thus cannot be counted under terrorist attacks. Even though a terrorist attack on an elementary school is unlikely, the consequences of such an event and the lack of security measures indicate, that terrorist attacks still pose a significant threat. diplomske naloge terrorism soft targets elementary schools preparedness attack true true false A. Koderman Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-10-27 17:14:02 2025-12-22 15:51:05 2025-12-23 03:21:33 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 Ljubljana 2025 Ljubljana VI f., 42 str. 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.3(043.2) 262618627 UN_Koderman_Anze_2025.pdf UN_Koderman_Anze_2025.pdf 1 7735901D882238BC03D2857E8EEEA74A 2543af6299e14316cc5ef26b1b5ee349edaf34e42c9556286d9c68cdbed9be7f 08c93c1b-cf70-11f0-9f24-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=201057 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0