20.500.12556/DKUM-95875 The impact of time delays in traffic information transmission using ITS and C-ITS systems: a case-study on a motorway section between two tunnels Timely and accurate traffic information is crucial for maintaining safety and efficiency on motorway networks. This research examines time delays in traffic information transmission through intelligent transport systems (ITSs) and cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITSs) on the Slovenian motorway network. The aim of the research is to assess the effectiveness of existing notification systems and the impact of time delays on the timely informing of drivers in the event of an accident in a tunnel. Using real-world data from Regional Traffic Center (RCC) in Vransko, manual and automated activations of traffic portals and different update frequencies of the Promet+ mobile application were analyzed during peak hours. Results show that automated activation reduces delays from 34 to 25 s at portals and from 27 to 18 s in the Promet+ app. Continuous updates in the app provided the highest driver coverage, leaving only 15 uninformed drivers in the morning peak and 8 in the afternoon, whereas 60 s update intervals left up to 71 drivers uninformed. These findings highlight the effectiveness of automation and continuous updates in minimizing delays and improving driver awareness. The research contributes by quantifying latency in ITSs and C-ITSs and demonstrating that their combined use offers the most reliable information delivery. Future improvements should focus on hybrid integration of ITS and C-ITS, dynamic update intervals, and infrastructure upgrades to ensure consistent real-time communication, shorter response times, and enhanced motorway safety. intelligent transport systems (ITS) cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS) hybrid communication traffic information transmission inteligentni transportni sistemi (ITS) kooperativni inteligentni transportni sistemi (C-ITS) hibridna komunikacija prenos prometnih informacij true false true MDPI Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/7/4/107 Članek v reviji 2025-11-03 16:12:58 2025-11-03 16:12:59 2025-11-04 03:34:51 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 24 str. iss. 4, [article no.] 107 Vol. 7 Sept. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-07-17 2025-09-15 2025-09-25 656.1:004.8 253360131 10.3390/vehicles7040107 2624-8921 https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/7/4/107 0 95b60671-b8c7-11f0-b13b-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200371 vehicles-07-00107_(1).pdf vehicles-07-00107_(1).pdf 1 372D5D468CC6DDCDA2DF2DFEB0798CDA 8a93d9b0cfdac702ffd468bf7bb57b3fca202c2e4c4a25ac09268a844044131b ff946d63-b8c7-11f0-b13b-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200372 Fakulteta za gradbeništvo, prometno inženirstvo in arhitekturo 0 0 0