20.500.12556/DKUM-96032 Re-examining extreme poverty before and after the transition to capitalism, 1300s–1900s the issue of definition, periodization, measurement, and causal responsibility The ‘standard narrative’ about capitalism and extreme povertyholds that the transition to the former was associated with astaggering reduction of the latter. Recently, this has beenstrongly called into question by a critical narrative grounded in abattery of non-GDP-based measures of extreme poverty andliving standards, such as subsistence welfare ratios, skeletalheight data, and famine reports. This critical narrative holds thatextreme-poverty conditions were + rare in normal circumstancesbefore the transition to capitalism, and that a significantdeterioration amounting to extreme poverty happened in Europeand globally only afterwards. The present paper re-examines theissue, drawing on these and additional non-GDP-based historicalsources of living standards, including formerly overlooked cases,such as pre-conquest Aztec Empire and Tokugawa-era Japan. Itfinds that the standard narrative’s portrayal of the prevalence ofextreme poverty before capitalism is indeed mistaken. However,it also takes issue with parts of the critical narrative, mainly theidea that capitalism caused severe deterioration in livingstandards. On a widely shared definition of capitalism, and aquantitatively demonstrated periodization of the transition, thenotion that living standards were generally poor before asociety’s transition to capitalism and only started systematicallyimproving afterwards has better support. capitalism extreme poverty historical living standards colonialism welfare ratios kapitalizem ekstremna revščina kolonializem zgodovinski življenjski standardi subsistenčna razmerja true false true Routledge Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Znanstveno delo 2025-11-25 03:10:53 2026-02-05 13:01:37 2026-02-06 03:21:52 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 str. 300-334 št. 2 Letn. 34 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 2024-07-10 2024-07-25 342.72 203740931 10.1080/03906701.2024.2380314 0390-6701 RAZ_Rutar_Tibor_2024.pdf RAZ_Rutar_Tibor_2024.pdf 1 B41885B289D3E0EC0343FE6B8FEFA50C eb84c378ab708c0c58314baf0fd679c83137539c9d19a72872bab2a58fe58a98 8a6e294a-028a-11f1-b31a-00155d00019a https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=203082 https://doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2024.2380314 0 963224c6-028a-11f1-b31a-00155d00019a https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=203083 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0