20.500.12556/DKUM-96420 Povezanost motnje pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo in zlorabe psihoaktivnih snovi pri otrocih in mladostnikih Correlation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance abuse in children and adolescents Uvod: Motnja pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo (ADHD) je najpogostejša nevrološka razvojna motnja pri otrocih in mladostnikih ter predstavlja pomemben dejavnik tveganja za zgodnjo uporabo in zlorabo psihoaktivnih snovi (PAS). Namen je bil raziskati, kako različne oblike zdravljenja ADHD pri otrocih in mladostnikih vplivajo na verjetnost zlorabe PAS. Metode: Uporabili smo metodo pregleda literature. Literaturo smo iskali v PubMedu, CINAHL in Cochrane Library. Pri iskanju smo sledili smernicam PRISMA. Ustrezne rezultate smo rangirali po hierarhiji dokazov in jih prikazali v evalvacijski ter sintezni tabeli. Izvedli smo vsebinsko analizo. Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili 17 člankov. Na podlagi vsebinske analize smo oblikovali glavno kategorijo in pet podkategorij: farmakološko zdravljenje s stimulansi, farmakološko zdravljenje z nestimulansi in kombinacijami, psihosocialni ukrepi, dejavniki tveganja in učinki zdravljenja. Ugotovili smo, da so ti otroci in mladostniki izpostavljeni večjemu tveganju za zgodnji začetek uporabe, zlorabe in odvisnosti od psihoaktivnih snovi. Razprava in zaključek: Ustrezno, zgodaj uvedeno in kontinuirano zdravljenje ADHD dokazano zmanjšuje tveganje za kasnejšo zlorabo PAS. Potrebne so dodatne raziskave o dolgoročnih učinkih nestimulansov in optimalnih kombinacijah terapevtskih pristopov.  Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents and represents a significant risk factor for early use and abuse of psychoactive substances (PAS). The purpose of the review was to investigate how different forms of ADHD treatment in children and adolescents affect the likelihood of PAS abuse. Methods: We conducted a literature review. The literature was searched in PubMed, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. The process followed PRISMA guidelines. Relevant results were ranked according to the hierarchy of evidence and presented in evaluation and synthesis tables. A content analysis was performed. Results: A total of 17 articles were included. Based on the content analysis, we developed one main category and five subcategories: pharmacological treatment with stimulants, pharmacological treatment with non-stimulants and combinations, psychosocial measures, risk factors and treatment effects. We determined that these children and adolescents are at an increased risk of early onset use, misuse and dependence on PAS. Discussion and conclusion: Appropriate, early and continuous treatment of ADHD has been shown to reduce the risk of later substance abuse. Further research is needed on the long-term effects of non-stimulants and on optimal combinations of therapeutic approaches. motnja pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti mladostniki otroci zloraba psihoaktivnih snovi attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adolescents children psychoactive substance abuse true false false [K. Banović] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-01-06 19:14:42 2026-03-12 10:13:24 2026-03-13 03:13:35 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.89-008.47+616-008.61:615.21-053.5(043.2) 269925379 VS_Banovic_Katarina_2026.pdf VS_Banovic_Katarina_2026.pdf 1 D936C995B5AA157DDC0738D86A37FA6D 6ec7644fd79927fb35d22a3900e68f01cd59ad22a5afbbd02dbc64f51c03209c 780a90c3-eb2d-11f0-a407-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=201803 Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0