20.500.12556/DKUM-96549 Experimental study on biodiesel injection characteristics and spray development tendency The conversion of biodiesel’s chemical energy into mechanical work in diesel engines is strongly influenced by the formation and quality of the fuel–air mixture. The physical and chemical properties of biodiesel, together with the operating characteristics of the fuel injection system, play a crucial role in this process. This study presents experimental findings on the injection behavior of a mechanically controlled injection system using three fuel types: pure rapeseed biodiesel, a 50% biodiesel–diesel blend, and conventional diesel fuel. The analysis focused on injection pressure, injection timing, injection duration, and fuel delivery under various operating conditions. In the second part of the experimental investigation, spray visualization was carried out by injecting fuels into a transparent liquid-filled chamber. A dedicated imaging and processing system was applied to capture and analyze spray development. From the recorded sequences, macroscopic spray parameters—including spray penetration length, spray cone angle, and projected spray area—were determined across different injection regimes. This approach allows clear identification of spray development tendencies and supports systematic comparison between fuels, particularly in relation to differences in injection pressure, injection duration, and delivered fuel quantity arising from the mechanically governed injection system. Correlation analysis between spray penetration length and peak injection pressure further highlights pressure-driven contributions to spray evolution. The findings contribute to better understanding of biodiesel spray behavior under realistic mechanically controlled conditions, supporting optimization of fuel injection performance and aiding in the selection or formulation of biodiesel fuels with improved spray characteristics. diesel engine biodesel fuel injection spray visualization spray characteristics dizelski motorji biodfizel vbrizgavanje goriva vizualizacija pršenja značilnosti pršenja true false true MDPI Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/22/12261 Članek v reviji 2026-01-19 09:59:57 2026-01-19 10:00:00 2026-01-20 03:18:40 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 21 str. iss. 22, [article no.] 12261 Vol. 15 Nov. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-10-23 2025-11-17 2025-11-19 621.436 264146691 10.3390/app152212261 2076-3417 applsci-15-12261.pdf applsci-15-12261.pdf 1 64EB71BC00631AC9273D56A41D0D3A08 3df3c21c9105a9e7a21669d90bc45dd04015f6e42ce22912169a0462a7177002 bd95ba25-f515-11f0-94a4-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=202149 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/22/12261 0 cf921410-f515-11f0-94a4-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=202150 Fakulteta za strojništvo 0 0 0