20.500.12556/DKUM-96551 Measuring the coordinated development of the advanced manufacturing cluster based on patent data: A composite system approach The advanced manufacturing industry serves as a key driver of high-quality economic development, with patent data widely used to assess regional technological innovation and synergy. Evaluating coordination within advanced industrial clusters offers practical insights into industrial upgrading. Focusing on the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei advanced manufacturing cluster in China, the composite system is divided into four subsystems: quantity, quality, efficiency, and value. Using patent data from 2013 to 2023, a composite system synergy model was built to measure the degree of synergy. A coupling coordination degree model and an obstacle degree model were applied together to examine coordination states and limiting factors. The findings show a generally rising synergy degree in the cluster, indicating increased organizational coherence over time. Coupling coordination displayed short-term fluctuations but exhibited a positive long-term trend, achieving high-quality coupling by 2023. Collaborative development is dynamically influenced by multidimensional obstacles, calling for timely and tailored measures to improve synergy efficiency. This study offers an empirical basis for optimizing collaboration in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei cluster and provides a theoretical reference for understanding synergy mechanisms in similar industrial clusters. advanced manufacturing cluster patent data composite system synergy coupling coordination degree obstacle degree regional industrial coordination innovation synergy napredna proizvodnja podatki o patentih sinergija sestavljenega sistema stopnja koordinacije sklopke stopnja ovire regionalno industrijsko usklajevanje sinergija inovacij true false true University of Maribor Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://apem-journal.org/ Članek v reviji 2026-01-19 10:50:04 2026-01-19 10:50:04 2026-01-23 12:00:44 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 str. 445-457 no. 4 Vol. 20 Dec. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-10-23 2025-11-29 2025-12-03 658.5:001.895 264312835 10.14743/apem2025.4.551 1854-6250 APEM20-4_445-457.pdf APEM20-4_445-457.pdf 1 94B22EA87DF278FA8CCE899FBF74DBB4 d52deb28787fc4566786b995c7f9e08fa96da1e1edda24620402825a725cfbd8 e5d58149-f520-11f0-94a4-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=202156 https://apem-journal.org/Archives/2025/Abstract-APEM20-4_445-457.html 0 f34dfc11-f520-11f0-94a4-00155d580e02 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=202157 Fakulteta za strojništvo Advances in production engineering & management 0 0 0