20.500.12556/DKUM-96710 Lojalnost delavca do delodajalca v luči konkurenčne prepovedi, konkurenčne klavzule ter poslovne skrivnosti magistrsko delo Employee loyalty in the context of non-compete obligations, post-termination non-compete clauses, and trade secret protection Načelo lojalnosti, ki delavcu nalaga dolžnost vzdržati se ravnanj, škodljivih za delodajalca, se v delovnem pravu deli na splošno in posebno lojalnost. V magistrskem delu sem obravnavala institute posebne lojalnosti, ki obsegajo obveznost varstva poslovnih skrivnosti, spoštovanje konkurenčne prepovedi in izpolnjevanje obveznosti iz konkurenčne klavzule. Na podlagi opravljene raziskave ugotavljam, da veljavna ureditev teh institutov zagotavlja sorazmerno in uravnoteženo varstvo pravic in interesov pogodbenih strank delovnega razmerja. Ugotovitve temeljijo na pregledu pravne ureditve, predvsem določb ZDR-1 ter dodatno ZPosS. Raziskala sem tudi mednarodno in evropsko ureditev, ki konkurenčne prepovedi in konkurenčne klavzule neposredno ne ureja, medtem ko je področje poslovnih skrivnosti poenoteno na mednarodni ravni ter usklajeno na ravni EU z Direktivo 2016/943. Opravila sem tudi pregled razvoja instituta konkurenčne prepovedi in konkurenčne klavzule v nacionalnem pravu, iz katerega izhaja, da je prvotna ureditev pretirano posegala v delavčeve pravice. Sedanja ureditev pa vzpostavlja mehanizme, ki zasledujejo varstvo poslovnih interesov delodajalca ob minimalnem poseganju v delavčevo sfero, kar potrjuje tudi sodna praksa. Pregled sodne prakse je razkril dodatna vprašanja, ki so se v praksi izkazala za pomembna, med njimi tudi vprašanje dopustnosti uporabe pogodbene kazni za primere kršitev institutov posebne lojalnosti. Ta praviloma ni dovoljena, razen kadar je vezana na kršitve, storjene po prenehanju delovnega razmerja, tj. na primere kršitve konkurenčne klavzule. Večja pravna varnost bi bila sicer zagotovljena, če bi to vprašanje tudi zakonsko uredili. Kratka primerjalna analiza nemškega prava potrjuje, da gre v veliki meri za primerljiv regulativni pristop, pri čemer obstoječe razlike predstavljajo koristne rešitve, ki bi lahko v slovenskem pravnem sistemu prispevale k dodatni utrditvi uravnoteženosti pravic in interesov obeh strank. The principle of loyalty, which requires employees to refrain from conduct detrimental to their employer, is divided into general and special loyalty in labour law. In this master’s thesis, I examined the institutes of special loyalty, which include the obligation to protect trade secrets, compliance with non-compete prohibitions, and the fulfilment of obligations arising from non-compete clauses. Based on the research conducted, I conclude that the current regulation of these institutes ensures proportionate and balanced protection of the rights and interests of the contracting parties in the employment relationship. The findings are based on an analysis of the legal framework, particularly the provisions of the national legal sources, namely ZDR-1 and, additionally, ZPosS. I also examined international and European regulation, which does not directly regulate non-compete prohibitions and non-compete clauses, whereas the field of trade secrets is harmonised internationally and aligned at the EU level by Directive 2016/943. I also conducted an examination of the development of non-compete prohibitions and non-compete clauses in national law, which shows that the original regulation excessively interfered with employees’ rights. By contrast, the current framework introduces mechanisms aimed at protecting employers’ business interests while minimally restricting employees, a balance also reflected in case law. A review of case law has revealed additional issues that have proven to be important in practice, including the question of the admissibility of contractual penalties for breaches of special loyalty obligations. Contractual penalties are generally not permitted, except where they relate to breaches committed after the termination of the employment relationship, i.e. breaches of a post-termination non-compete clause. Greater legal certainty would be ensured if this matter were regulated more precisely by statute. A brief comparative analysis of German law confirms a largely comparable regulatory approach, while the existing differences offer useful solutions that could contribute to further strengthening the balance of rights and interests of both parties in the Slovenian legal system. Konkurenčna prepoved konkurenčna klavzula varstvo poslovnih skrivnosti pravna ureditev varstvo pravic delavca poslovni interes delodajalca načelo lojalnosti načelo sorazmernosti. Non-compete obligations post-termination non-compete clauses trade secret protection legal framework employee rights protection employer’s business interests principle of loyalty principle of proportionality. true true false K. Lenart Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-01-25 23:42:01 2026-02-27 14:52:19 2026-02-28 03:16:19 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (81 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 349.2:339.13(043.3) 269973763 MAG_Lenart_Kaja_2026.pdf MAG_Lenart_Kaja_2026.pdf 1 1216051DCE10DE0D65908F9113DEA371 2874bbd16aaf94d56746299c941ac1b8e16a1e680a10233661498d1360c48ce9 f858f8c5-fa3f-11f0-9d6d-00155d00018d https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=202524 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0