20.500.12556/DKUM-97055 Vpliv kvantnih računalnikov na kibernetsko varnost Impact of quantum computers on cyber security V diplomskem delu je analiziran vpliv kvantnih računalnikov na varnost protokolov RSA, ECC in AES. Podan je teoretični pregled vpliva kvantnega računalništva na kibernetsko varnost ter izvedene praktične simulacije, ki prikazujejo, kako kvantna algoritma Shor in Grover ogrožata klasične kriptografske sisteme. Simulacije so bile izvedene lokalno na idealnem simulatorju in v oblaku na kvantnem procesorju IBM Quantum. Lokalni rezultati so potrdili teoretično ranljivost RSA in ECC ter delno oslabitev AES. Izvedba algoritmov v oblaku je pokazala, da trenutni kvantni procesorji zaradi šuma, kratke koherence in majhnega števila kubitov napadov še ne zmorejo ponovljivo izvesti. Shorov algoritem je deloval stabilnejše kot Groverjev, vendar natančnost v obeh primerih ni dosegla ravni, ki bi omogočala izvedbo praktičnega napada. Glavni zaključek dela je, da kvantni računalniki trenutno ne predstavljajo neposredne grožnje sodobnim protokolom, vendar teoretična ranljivost jasno kaže, da bo v prihodnosti nujen prehod na postkvantne kriptografske rešitve. This thesis analyzes the impact of quantum computers on the security of RSA, ECC and AES protocols. The aim of the research was to demonstrate, through a theoretical overview and practical simulations, how quantum algorithms such as Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms threaten classical cryptographic systems. The simulations were carried out both locally on an ideal simulator and in the cloud on an IBM Quantum processor. The local results confirmed the theoretical vulnerability of RSA and ECC, as well as the partial weakening of AES. However, running the algorithms on a real quantum device showed that current quantum processors are still unable to perform such attacks reliably due to noise, short qubit coherence times and the limited number of qubits. Shor’s algorithm demonstrated greater stability than Grover’s, but in both cases the accuracy remained far below the level required for any practical attack. The main conclusion of the thesis is that quantum computers do not yet pose a direct threat to modern security protocols. Nevertheless, the theoretical vulnerabilities clearly indicate that a transition to post-quantum cryptographic solutions will be essential in the future. kvantni računalnik varnostni protokoli Shorov algoritem Groverjev algoritem postkvantna kriptografija quantum computing cryptography Shor’s algorithm Grover’s algorithm post-quantum security true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-02-13 14:07:21 2026-09-17 14:08:23 2026-09-18 03:09:54 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 291483139 VS_Plesec_Sebastian_2026.pdf VS_Plesec_Sebastian_2026.pdf 1 4BAA203777ACE56C4C2B8690F2DA0EED 6b3b09b9798eacef0caf5f2a4a4e84b28aff9be0bb2004a19f731e4e6b74c26e ace2a217-6a65-11f1-87c9-00155d580e34 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=207276 Fakulteta za organizacijske vede 0 0 0