20.500.12556/DKUM-97139 Comparing Fault Tree Analysis methods combined with Generalized Grey Relation Analysis: a new approach and case study in the automotive industry The failure modes of products gradually show a diversified trend with the precision and complexity of the product structure. The combination of fault tree analysis and generalized grey relational analysis is widely used in the fault diagnosis of complex systems. In this study, we utilize a method that combines fault tree analysis and generalized grey relational analysis. This method is applied to diagnose the Expansion Adhesive Debonding fault of automobile doors. Then, we analyse and compare the differences in actual fault diagnosis results. The comparison involves three analysis methods: Fault Tree Analysis combined with Absolute Grey Relation Analysis (F-AGRA), Fault Tree Analysis combined with Relative Grey Relation Analysis (F-RGRA), and Fault Tree Analysis combined with Comprehensive Grey Relation Analysis (F-CGRA). Subsequently, we compare the findings with actual production results. This comparison allows us to discuss the differences between the three methods in the fault diagnosis of complex systems. We also discuss the application occasions of these methods. This study will provide a new method for fault analysis and fault diagnosis in the actual production of the automobile manufacturing industry. This method can eliminate faults effectively and accurately and improve product quality and productivity. fault tree analysis (FTA) Generalized Grey Relation Analysis (GGRA) failure mode fault diagnosis complex system Fault Tree Analysis combined with Absolute Grey Relation Analysis (F-AGRA) Fault Tree Analysis combined with Relative Grey Relation Analysis (F-RGRA) Fault Tree Analysis combined with Comprehensive Grey Relation Analysis (C-GRA) vzrok odpovedi zaznava napake kompleksni sistemi analiza drevesa napak analiza napak true false true Chair of Production Engineering (CPE), University of Maribor Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://apem-journal.org/ Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0). Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Članek v reviji 2026-02-19 13:36:03 2026-02-19 13:36:04 2026-03-11 09:06:47 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 0 str. 462-474 no. 4 Vol. 18 Dec. 2023 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2023-11-05 2023-12-21 2023-12-28 62:331.45 269028355 10.14743/apem2023.4.485 1854-6250 APEM18-4_462-474.pdf APEM18-4_462-474.pdf 1 F0722CADC86CB2ACE93177716254B3C1 dab92aa639c00b02f044582132c3f28285e28edcbf2db73d061b32cbf0b5df50 f0bfb4f8-0d8f-11f1-a5b8-00155d580e1a https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=203533 https://apem-journal.org/Archives/2023/APEM18-4_462-474.pdf 0 f7fc3dd2-0d8f-11f1-a5b8-00155d580e1a https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=203534 Fakulteta za strojništvo Advances in production engineering & management 0 0 0