20.500.12556/DKUM-97145 Komunikacija med pacientom in zdravstvenim osebjem na oddelku intenzivne terapije Communication between patient and medical staff in the intensive care unit Uvod: Magistrsko delo se osredotoča na komunikacijo med pacientom in zdravstvenim osebjem v intenzivni terapiji in komunikacijske izzive, ki posledično vplivajo na kakovost le-te. Komunikacija, izhajajoča iz latinske besede communis (skupno), pomeni dvosmeren proces izmenjave informacij na podlagi skupnega razumevanja. Zlasti v enoti intenzivne terapije kakovostna komunikacija omogoča učinkovito timsko delo ter zmanjšuje tveganje za konflikte in napake. Metode: Teoretični del raziskave je obsegal pregled strokovne literature, s pomočjo katere smo opredelili temeljna izhodišča, in sicer kako zdravstveni delavci pristopajo h komunikaciji z življenjsko ogroženimi pacienti, kako ocenjujejo vpliv različnih omejitev, delovnih razmer, praktičnih izkušenj in kompetenc na kakovost komunikacije ter katera orodja uporabljajo za uspešno sporazumevanje. Empirični del temelji na kvantitativni metodi, kjer smo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika in spletne platforme 1Ka pridobili odgovore diplomiranih medicinskih sester in diplomiranih zdravstvenih tehnikov, ki delujejo neposredno ob pacientu v Univerzitetnem kliničnem centru Ljubljana, na Kliničnem oddelku za anesteziologijo in intenzivno terapijo operativnih strok. Rezultati: Med prisotnimi ovirami so zaposleni v največji meri izpostavili najprej bolnikovo omejenost zmožnosti za verbalno komunikacijo, sledila sta preobremenjenost in pomanjkanje časa. Večina zaposlenih je svojo komunikacijo ocenila kot učinkovito, to so bili predvsem mlajši zaposleni. Ravno obratno pa je bilo v obdobju nad 21 let delovnih izkušenj, kjer so svojo komunikacijo označili kot delno učinkovito. Zaposleni do štiri leta so izpostavili, da se pogosto srečujejo s težavami v komunikaciji in da imajo njihova osebna čustva vpliv na potek komunikacije, medtem ko pri starejših te težave niso bile prisotne. Kot najbolj zahtevne paciente so izpostavili delno sedirane, neorientirane in nemirne. Več kot polovica anketiranih je pritrdila, da so v primeru neuspešne komunikacije s pacientom opustili nadaljnji poskus razumevanja. Prav tako je več kot polovica zaposlenih priznala, da so se že kdaj pretvarjali, da razumejo bolnika, čeprav ga v resnici niso razumeli. Rezultati kažejo, da velika večina sodelujočih meni, da jih sedirani pacienti slišijo. Kot najpogosteje uporabljeni pripomočki so se izkazali abecedna tabla, sledile so komunikacijske tablice s simboli in slikami ter pisalo in papir. Razprava in zaključek: Raziskava potrjuje, da ima komunikacija v intenzivni terapiji pomemben vpliv na kakovost obravnave pacientov, kljub številnim pacientovim in organizacijskim omejitvam. Večina zdravstvenih delavcev v intenzivni terapiji meni, da sedirani pacienti zaznavajo odnos in govor, kar poudarja pomen strokovne in empatične komunikacije tudi ob njihovi omejeni zmožnosti sodelovanja. Ugotovitve izpostavljajo pomembnost zavedanja vpliva komunikacijskih pristopov na pacientovo doživljanje in dostojanstvo ter hkrati kažejo na potrebo po izobraževanjih in strategijah za izboljšanje razumevanja in podpore bolnikom Introduction: Introduction: The master's thesis focuses on communication between patient and healthcare staff in intensive care and the communication challenges that consequently affect its quality. Communication, derived from the Latin word communis (common), means a two-way process of exchanging information based on a common understanding. Especially in the intensive care unit, quality communication enables effective teamwork and reduces the risk of conflicts and errors. Methods: The theoretical part of the research consisted of a review of professional literature, with the help of which we defined the basic starting points, namely how healthcare professionals approach communication with life-threatening patients, how they assess the impact of various limitations, working conditions, practical experience and competences on the quality of communication, and which tools they use for successful communication. The empirical part is based on a quantitative method, where we obtained responses from graduate nurses and graduate medical technicians who work directly with patients at the University Medical Center Ljubljana, at the Clinical Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of Surgical Professions, using a questionnaire and the 1Ka online platform. Results: Among the obstacles present, employees most often highlighted the patient's limited ability to communicate verbally, followed by overload and lack of time. Most employees assessed their communication as effective, especially younger employees. The opposite was true for employees with over 21 years of work experience, where they described their communication as partially effective. Employees with up to 4 years of work experience highlighted that they often encounter communication problems and that their personal emotions have an impact on the course of communication, while these problems were not present in older employees. The most demanding patients were partially sedated, disoriented and restless. More than half of the respondents agreed that they gave up further attempts to understand in the event of unsuccessful communication with the patient. More than half of the staff also admitted that they had pretended to understand a patient when they really did not. The results show that the vast majority of participants believe that sedated patients can hear them. The most commonly used aids were alphabet boards, followed by communication boards with symbols and pictures, and pen and paper. Discussion and conlusion: The study confirms that communication in intensive care has a significant impact on the quality of patient care, despite numerous patient and organizational limitations. The majority of healthcare workers in intensive care believe that sedated patients perceive attitudes and speech, which emphasizes the importance of professional and empathetic communication even with their limited ability to cooperate. The findings highlight the importance of awareness of the impact of communication approaches on the patient's experience and dignity, and at the same time indicate the need for education and strategies to improve understanding and support for patients Komunikacija komunikacijski izzivi intenzivna terapija zdravstveno osebje Communication communication challenges healthcare workers intensive care unit true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-02-19 16:04:19 2026-06-01 13:35:01 2026-06-02 03:08:47 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 280021507 MAG_Seferovic_Hannah_2026.pdf MAG_Seferovic_Hannah_2026.pdf 1 58543A2C7AC23C616E0115454CBB915B 336c7d69eaa1a34ff8af36a93db46517387e6fe6ef031ef61733f61787f7816c 9f7ea497-0eb3-11f1-86bb-00155d580e1a https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=203618 Fakulteta za organizacijske vede 0 0 0