20.500.12556/DKUM-97593 The Impact of Different Biostimulants on Physiological Aspects of Tomato in a Pot Experiment magistrsko delo Vpliv različnih biostimulantov na fiziološke vidike paradižnika v lončnem poskusu Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are sensitive to photothermal and drought stress during the summer growing season, particularly under warm outdoor conditions and elevated irradiance. Plant biostimulants are increasingly proposed to support physiological stability under such conditions. However, biostimulant performance is known to depend on cultivar, treatment type, environmental context, and the physiological parameters measured. Comparative evidence across contrasting biostimulant families also remains limited. This master's thesis evaluated the physiological responses of two tomato cultivars, 'Optima' and 'Sfinge F1 500', to treatments with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-, tannin-based treatments, Trichoderma-based treatments and treatments with commercially available plant extract-based Amalgerol products together with a water-treated control. The experiment was carried out in pots during the 2025 growing season at the Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor. Leaf spectral reflectance was measured non-destructively using PolyPen RP 410 on four sampling dates between 19 June and 30 July 2025. The measured indices included five chlorophyll-related indices, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index 1 (MCARI1), Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (MCARI), Carter Index 1 (Ctr1), and Carter Index 2 (Ctr2), and five pigment- or stress-related indices, Structure Insensitive Pigment Index (SIPI), Anthocyanin Reflectance Index 1 (ARI1), Anthocyanin Reflectance Index 2 (ARI2), Carotenoid Reflectance Index 1 (CRI1), and Carotenoid Reflectance Index 2 (CRI2). One-way and two-way ANOVA were used to evaluate treatment, cultivar, and Treatment × Cultivar interaction effects. The treatment effects strengthened over time and were most evident on 30 July, when all five chlorophyll-related indices differed significantly among treatments. Amalgerol-based treatments were most consistently associated with maintained NDVI and MCARI values during the mid-June to July sampling period, supporting better maintenance or recovery of leaf greenness and chlorophyll-related reflectance. Tannin- and peroxide-based treatments were associated with selected changes in pigment- and stress-related indices. Overall, no single biostimulant was consistently superior across all indices and dates, but Amalgerol-based treatments showed comparatively consistent responses in selected chlorophyll-related indices. Significant Treatment × Cultivar interactions were detected for MCARI1 (19 June) and NDVI (30 July), confirming cultivar-dependent differences in the expression of treatment effects. The hypotheses were partially supported overall, with the clearest support observed for the temporal hypothesis. Spectral reflectance also proved a useful non-destructive indicator for comparing biostimulant programmes across the season. Paradižnik (Solanum lycopersicum L.) je občutljiv na fototermični in sušni stres med poletno rastno sezono, zato se za ohranjanje fiziološke stabilnosti v takšnih razmerah vse pogosteje priporočajo rastlinski biostimulanti, vendar je znano, da je učinkovitost biostimulantov odvisna od sorte, vrste obravnavanja, okoljskih razmer in merjenih fizioloških parametrov, primerjalni podatki med različnimi družinami biostimulantov pa ostajajo omejeni. V tej magistrski nalogi smo ovrednotili fiziološke odzive dveh sort paradižnika, 'Optima' in 'Sfinge F1 500', na tretiranje s peroksidom (H₂O₂), pripravkom na osnovi tanina, z glivo Trichoderma in pripravka na podlagi rastlinskih izvlečkov Amalgerol skupaj s kontrolo, v lončnem poskusu izvedenem zunaj med rastno sezono 2025 na Fakulteti za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede Univerze v Mariboru. Spektralno odbojnost listov smo nedestruktivno izmerili z instrumentom PolyPen RP 410 na štirih vzorčevalnih datumih med 19. junijem in 30. julijem 2025, pri čemer smo pridobili pet s klorofilom povezanih indeksov (NDVI, MCARI1, MCARI, Ctr1, Ctr2) in pet s pigmenti, oziroma stresom povezanih indeksov (SIPI, ARI1, ARI2, CRI1, CRI2). Z enosmerno in dvosmerno analizo variance (ANOVA) smo preverili učinke obravnavanja, sorte in interakcije. Učinki obravnavanj so se s časom okrepili in so bili najbolj izraziti 30. julija, ko se je vseh pet s klorofilom povezanih indeksov med obravnavanji statistično značilno razlikovalo. Obravnavanja na osnovi pripravka Amalgerol so bila najdosledneje povezana z ohranjanjem vrednosti indeksov NDVI in MCARI v obdobju od sredine junija do sredine oziroma konca julija, kar kaže na boljše ohranjanje ali obnovo zelenosti listov ter odbojnosti, povezane s klorofilom. Obravnavanja na osnovi taninov in peroksida pa so pogosteje pozitivno vplivala na indekse, povezane s pigmenti in stresnim odzivom. Na splošno noben biostimulant ni bil dosledno najboljši pri vseh indeksih in datumih meritev, vendar so obravnavanja na osnovi Amalgerola pokazala najbolj uravnotežen pozitiven odziv. Statistično značilne interakcije med obravnavanjem in sorto smo zaznali pri MCARI1 (19. junij) in NDVI (30. julij), kar potrjuje, da je izražanje učinkov tretiranj odvisno od sorte. Štiri zastavljene hipoteze so bile zato delno ali v celoti potrjene, spektralna odbojnost pa se je izkazala za uporaben nedestruktivni kazalnik za primerjavo tretmajev biostimulantov skozi rastno sezono. Amalgerol hydrogen peroxide plant biostimulants Solanum lycopersicum L. spectral reflectance indices tannin tomato Trichoderma Amalgerol indeksi spektralne odbojnosti paradižnik rastlinski biostimulanti Solanum lycopersicum L. tanin Trichoderma vodikov peroksid true true false S. Hussien Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-03-23 14:41:55 2026-07-29 14:36:53 2026-07-30 03:09:40 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XV, 144, [31] str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 635.64:577.17(043) 286369539 MAG_Hussien_Saeed_Safwat_Fathi_2026.pdf MAG_Hussien_Saeed_Safwat_Fathi_2026.pdf 1 E73604D67A096A97E8455855B4308300 2c01cc1d15ea6e659521b159aaaaf575af0c31c7db8f1d4f49c581fad0c73b66 952b89d5-7b5f-11f1-bdc2-00155d580e34 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=208100 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0