20.500.12556/DKUM-98213 Pravni položaj zakonca kot nujnega dediča: izzivi in odprta vprašanja magistrsko delo The legal position of the spouse as a forced heir: challenges and open questions Institut nujnega dedovanja predstavlja eno izmed temeljnih omejitev zapustnikove svobode testiranja v dednem pravu. Njegov namen je varstvo določenega kroga zapustnikovih bližnjih, ki jim zakon zagotavlja pravico do dela zapuščine ne glede na zapustnikovo voljo. Med nujne dediče sodi tudi zapustnikov zakonec, katerega položaj ima v slovenskem pravnem sistemu pomembno socialnovarstveno funkcijo. Veljavna slovenska ureditev nujnega dedovanja temelji na razmeroma širokem krogu nujnih dedičev, kar lahko v določenih primerih pomembno vpliva na obseg pravic posameznih upravičencev. V tem okviru se kot posebej pomembno izpostavlja vprašanje pravnega položaja zakonca kot nujnega dediča ter vpliva različnih pravnih institutov na njegov nujni delež. V nalogi je analizirana veljavna dednopravna ureditev v slovenskem pravnem redu, pri čemer je poseben poudarek namenjen pravnemu položaju zakonca kot nujnega dediča. Obravnavani so tudi instituti, ki lahko vplivajo na obseg ali uveljavljanje nujnega deleža, zlasti razdedinjenje, dedna nevrednost ter različni mehanizmi, ki vplivajo na obseg zapuščinske mase, kot so izločitev določenega premoženja iz zapuščine, pogodba o dosmrtnem preživljanju in vračunavanje daril. Primerjalnopravna analiza izbranih pravnih ureditev kaže, da se pristopi k urejanju nujnega dedovanja med državami precej razlikujejo, predvsem glede obsega varstva nujnih dedičev in stopnje zapustnikove svobode testiranja. Na podlagi opravljene analize je mogoče ugotoviti, da bi bilo smiselno razmisliti o določenih prilagoditvah obstoječe ureditve, predvsem glede kroga nujnih dedičev in pogojev za uveljavljanje nujnega deleža, z namenom vzpostavitve bolj uravnoteženega razmerja med zapustnikovo svobodo razpolaganja s premoženjem in varstvom njegovih najbližjih. Forced heirship represents one of the fundamental limitations of testamentary freedom in inheritance law. Its purpose is to protect a certain circle of the deceased’s closest relatives by granting them the right to a portion of the estate regardless of the testator's will. Among these heirs is also the surviving spouse, whose position in the Slovenian legal system has an important social protection function. The Slovenian regulation of forced heirship is based on a relatively broad circle of forced heirs, which may in certain cases significantly affect the extent of the rights of individual beneficiaries. Particular attention is therefore devoted to the legal position of the spouse as a forced heir and to the influence of various legal institutions on the scope of the spouse’s forced share. The thesis analyses the current Slovenian inheritance law framework with a particular focus on the legal position of the spouse as a forced heir. It also examines legal mechanisms that may influence the scope or enforcement of the forced share, especially disinheritance, unworthiness to inherit, and mechanisms affecting the size of the estate, such as exclusion of certain property from the estate, contracts on lifelong support, and the collation of gifts. A comparative legal analysis of selected foreign legal systems demonstrates that approaches to forced heirship differ significantly, particularly with regard to the level of protection of forced heirs and the extent of testamentary freedom. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that certain adjustments of the existing regulation should be considered, especially regarding the circle of forced heirs and the conditions for claiming a forced share, in order to achieve a more balanced relationship between testamentary freedom and the protection of the testator’s closest relatives. nujni dediči nujni delež zakonec dedno pravo razdedinjenje dedna nevrednost forced heirs forced share spouse inheritance law disinheritance unworthiness to inherit true true false T. Comino Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-05-27 12:39:47 2026-07-17 11:03:03 2026-07-18 03:13:01 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (61 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 347.65(043.3) 285226499 MAG_Comino_Tjasa_2026.pdf MAG_Comino_Tjasa_2026.pdf 1 0603EB19E1B66184716E0668D7A781AA fa2958a6b9141725b0d684586a9149b4f9f1a98e2292c029482b92998cd4d881 e756d140-6590-11f1-acb0-00155d580e34 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=207039 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0