20.500.12556/DKUM-99421 Stroški sladkorne bolezni v Združenih državah Amerike Costs of Diabetes in the United States Sladkorna bolezen predstavlja pomemben zdravstveni in ekonomski problem, saj poleg neposrednih medicinskih stroškov povzroča tudi posredne stroške zaradi izgubljene produktivnosti ter zahteva sredstva za preventivo, zdravljenje in raziskave. Namen diplomskega dela je bil analizirati ekonomsko breme sladkorne bolezni v Združenih državah Amerike ter ugotoviti, ali se stroški razlikujejo med zveznimi državami glede na število odraslih oseb s sladkorno boleznijo. V empirični analizi je bilo uporabljenih 51 ameriških zveznih držav za leto 2022. Države so bile glede na absolutno število odraslih oseb s sladkorno boleznijo razdeljene v tri tercile. Primerjani so bile neposredni medicinski, posredni, preventivni in raziskovalni stroški ter stroški, preračunani na posameznega obolelega. Zaradi odstopanja podatkov od normalne porazdelitve je bil za statistično primerjavo uporabljen Kruskal-Wallisov test, statistično značilne razlike pa so bile dodatno preverjene s post hoc primerjavami. Rezultati kažejo, da imajo države z večjim absolutnim številom odraslih oseb s sladkorno boleznijo statistično značilno višje neposredne medicinske stroške, posredne stroške in preventivne stroške, medtem ko so bile pri raziskovalnih stroških ugotovljene statistično značilne razlike predvsem med državami z nižjim in višjim bremenom bolezni. Pri analizi stroškov na posameznega obolelega pa se je pokazal drugačen vzorec. Pri neposrednih medicinskih stroških na osebo statistično značilnih razlik med tercili ni bilo, medtem ko so bili posredni in preventivni stroški na posameznega obolelega najvišji v spodnjem tercilu. Rezultati tako kažejo, da večje absolutno število oseb s sladkorno boleznijo pomeni večje skupno ekonomsko breme, vendar ne nujno tudi višjih stroškov na posameznega obolelega. Pri oblikovanju zdravstvenih politik je zato pomembno upoštevati tako absolutne stroške kot tudi stroške na posameznega obolelega. Diabetes represents an important health and economic problem, as it generates not only direct medical costs but also indirect costs related to lost productivity and requires financial resources for prevention, treatment and research. The purpose of this thesis was to analyse the economic burden of diabetes in the United States and to determine whether diabetes-related costs differ among U.S. states according to the number of adults with diabetes. The empirical analysis included all 51 U.S. states for the year 2022. The states were divided into three tertiles according to the absolute number of adults with diabetes. Direct medical costs, indirect costs, preventive costs and research costs were compared, as well as the respective costs per person with diabetes. Due to deviations from normal distribution, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical comparisons, while statistically significant differences were additionally examined using post-hoc comparisons. The results show that states with a higher absolute number of adults with diabetes have statistically significantly higher direct medical costs, indirect costs and preventive costs, while statistically significant differences in research costs were mainly identified between states with lower and higher disease burden. A different pattern was observed when costs per person with diabetes were analysed. No statistically significant differences were found in direct medical costs per person, while indirect and preventive costs per person were highest in the lowest tertile. The results therefore indicate that a higher absolute number of people with diabetes is associated with a higher overall economic burden, but not necessarily with higher costs per individual with diabetes. When developing health policies, it is therefore important to consider both total costs and costs per person with diabetes. sladkorna bolezen ekonomsko breme zdravstveni stroški neposredni stroški posredni stroški preventiva Združene države Amerike tercili diabetes economic burden healthcare costs direct costs indirect costs prevention United States tertiles true true false G. Kovač] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-08-16 21:19:58 2026-09-07 13:33:11 2026-09-08 03:09:21 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.379:336 290241795 UN_Kovac_Gal_2026.pdf UN_Kovac_Gal_2026.pdf 1 1ADFE914C41825F89F92FF4C949E6630 0f95ac18de575382c30a2811b2f5c447983a2b15d6000dfee3ff1e47f6af6aaa d805f078-a1ec-11f1-95cc-00155d0001be https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=210670 Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta 0 0 0