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Title:SKUPNI REFERENČNI OKVIR EVROPSKEGA POGODBENEGA PRAVA
Authors:ID Košmrlj, Petra (Author)
ID Tratnik, Matjaž (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Kosmrlj_Petra_2009.pdf (355,58 KB)
MD5: D306FC8ED3530E000D1996767BB3AC23
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/67ef73f4-6547-41ab-ae2f-746a32cbc552
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Leta 1989 je Evropski parlament na Komisijo naslovil resolucijo, v kateri ugotavlja potrebo po boljšem, bolj koherentnem pogodbenim pravom za potrebe učinkovitega delovanja notranjega trga ES. Osem direktiv, ki sedaj predstavljajo »acquis communautaire« pogodbenega prava, so precej nekonsistentne. Komisija se je z Evropski parlamentom strinjala in začela pripravljati obširen projekt imenovan Skupni referenčni okvir ter pozivala vse zainteresirane raziskovalne skupine naj oddajo svoje prijave. Prijavilo se je kar nekaj skupin in v letu 2004 so pričele s svojim delom. Nekaj skupin je že pred tem sodelovalo v projektih, ki so imele za cilj ali poiskati razlike v različnih pogodbenopravnih ureditvah ali pa izdelati nova pravila in splošna načela. Naloga, ki jim jo je naložila Komisija, je bila poiskati najboljše rešitve, ki jih ponuja pogodbeno pravo ES kot tiste, ki jih ponujajo pogodbena pravila držav članic. Pri tem naj bi bil poudarek na potrošniškem pravu. V letu 2008 je bil prvič izdan akademski osnutek CFR. Vsebinsko je obseg mnogo širši kot ga je predlagala Komisija v svojih sporočilih. Ne prinaša le pravil pogodbena prava, ampak tudi nepogodbene obveznosti, lastniško pravo ter pravno ureditev trustov. Avtroji so sicer upoštevali predlog Komisije in oblikovali tudi specifično urejena pravila za potrebe potrošnikov. Vendar pa vse ni tako enostavno kot se morda sprva sliši. Ena glavnih pomanjkljivosti je primerna pravna podlaga za sprejem CFR. ES (oz. v prihodnosti EU) v Pogodbi o Evropski skupnosti ( oz. PDEU) za sprejem zakonodaje s področja zasebnega prava. Druga težava je uporaba CFR. Če je pravi namen Komisije poenotiti pogodbeno pravo, se zdi edina prava rešitev sprejem uredbe, ampak tega Komisija nima namena narediti. Vloga, ki jo ima Komisija v mislih, je t. i. opcijski instrument, ki pomeni, da bi stranki lahko CFR izbrali za merodajno pravo, ki bi urejalo njuno razmerje, če bi to hoteli. Druga vloga, ki jo ima v mislih Komisija, je pripomoček — »toolbox« za zakonodajalce. CFR bi tako lahko bil v pomoč tako nacionalnim kot zakonodajalcem Es ter sodiščem pri interpretaciji pravil pogodbenega prava. Prihodnost CFR je popolnoma v rokah Komisije. Prvi korak, ki bi ga morala narediti, pa je prevesti DCFR v vse uradne jezike EU, saj bi tako javnost imela boljšo predstavo, kaj pričakovati od končnega, političnega CFR.
Keywords:Ključne besede: pogodbeno pravo ES, potrošniško pravo, Skupni referenčni okvir, akademski osnutek skupnega referenčnega okvirja, pravna podlaga, opcijski instrument, pripomoček za zakonodajalce
Place of publishing:Polzela
Publisher:[P. Košmrlj]
Year of publishing:2009
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-12669 New window
UDC:34(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:4010027 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:QH3KHVXY
Publication date in DKUM:15.12.2009
Views:3487
Downloads:334
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:COMMON FRAME OF REFERENCE OF EUROPEAN CONTRACT LAW
Abstract:In 1989 European Parliament addressed a resolution to European Commission in which it recognises a need for better, more coherent contract law for the purposes of effective functioning of EC` s internal market. The eight directives which now represent the existing acquis communautaire of contract law are quite inconsistent. The Commission agreed with EP and started to work on an extensive project named Common Frame of Reference and called for applications to any research groups that were interested in the project. Several groups applied and started their work in 2004. Some of the groups were already involved in projects which aims were either to find the differences between different contract law systems or making new rules and general principles. The task the Commission gave them was to find the best solutions within the existing EC` s contract law and the best solutions from member states` contract rules. The emphasis was to be on consumer law. In 2008 the academic draft of CFR was first published. The extent of the content was much wider than the Commission set out to be in its Communications. It does not only deliver rules on contract law, but also on non-contractual obligations, proprietary law and law of trusts. The academics creating the text followed the Commission` s suggestions and set out some specific rules on consumer affairs. But everything is not as simple as it may seem on the first glimpse. One of the main insufficiency is the problem of finding the right legal basis for adopting the CFR. The EC (or in near future EU) does not have the basis for adopting legislation concerning private law. The second problem is the future usage of CFR. If the Commission` s true intention is to make uniform contract law, the only right choice seems to be adopting a regulation, but that is not the Commission` s case. The role that it had in mind was a so called optional instrument, which means that the contract parties could choose CFR for applicable law concerning their relationship if they wanted to. The second role that Commission had in mind is a toolbox for legislators. CFR could help the EC legislator as well as national legislators and courts with the interpretation of contract rules. The future of CFR is completely in the hands of Commission. The first step it needs to undertake is having translated the DCFR into all official EU languages, so the public would have a better idea what to expect of the final, political CFR.
Keywords:Contract law of EC, consumer law, Common Frame of Reference, academic Draft Common Frame of Reference, legal basis, optional instrument, toolbox for legislators


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