VPLIV VRSTE KATALIZATORJA NA HITROST REAKCIJE V REAKTORJU Z NASUTJEM

Kranvogl, Roman

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Title:	VPLIV VRSTE KATALIZATORJA NA HITROST REAKCIJE V REAKTORJU Z NASUTJEM
Authors:	ID Kranvogl, Roman (Author) ID Goršek, Andreja (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Pečar, Darja (Comentor)
Files:	UNI_Kranvogl_Roman_2010.pdf (1,74 MB) MD5: F27EAABED1306E1234EBDD310F3DFA53 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/69d51268-18a3-48df-9232-5428607807b8
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Undergraduate thesis
Organization:	FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:	Hidroliza saharoze je reakcija, ki lahko poteka s kemijskim ali encimskim katalizatorjem. Z raziskavami v okviru diplomskega dela smo to reakcijo izvajali v kemijskem in biološkem reaktorju z nasutjem. Namen dela v prvi fazi je bil ugotoviti, s katerim katalizatorjem, kemijskim ali encimskim, dosežemo najvišjo presnovo reakcije hidrolize saharoze. Za načrtovanje reaktorjev je potrebno poznati vpliv procesnih spremenljivk na potek reakcije. Zato smo izbrano reakcijo izvajali pri različnih temperaturah, volumskih pretokih reaktanta in pri različnih začetnih koncentracijah encima. Uporabili smo laboratorijski reaktor z nasutjem. Pri delu smo dali večji poudarek biološkemu reaktorju. Uporabili smo encim invertazo in študirali reakcijo hidrolize saharoze. Osrednji cilj drugega dela raziskav je bila določitev osnovnih kinetičnih parametrov encimske reakcije, kot so aktivacijska energija, predeksponentni faktor, Michaelis—Menten-ova konstanta itd. Pri izvajanju reakcije v kemijskem reaktorju smo uporabili katalizator Amberlite IR—120, s povprečno zrnavostjo delcev, d = 533 µm. V tem primeru smo reakcijo izvajali pri različnih temperaturah. Na osnovi eksperimentalnih meritev v kemijskem reaktorju smo določali le presnovo reakcije, saj so bile kinetične študije izvedene že predhodno. Z meritvami v biološkem reaktorju smo dokazali, da izbrana encimska reakcija dobro sledi Michaelis—Menten-ovi kinetiki. Določili smo vrednost aktivacijske energije, Ea = (17,9 — 20) kJ/mol in Michaelis—Menten-ove konstante, KM = (27,2 — 28,5) mmol/L. Obe vrednosti kažeta dobro ujemanje z literaturnimi. Primerjava kemijskega in biokemijskega reaktorja pokaže, da je presnova pri uporabi encimskega katalizatorja mnogo višja, kar za 20 %, gledano pri srednji koncentraciji encima. Kljub temu, da je encimski katalizator dražji in da je potreben daljši čas za vzpostavitev stacionarnega stanja, bi se odločili za uporabo biokemijskega reaktorja, saj so obratovalne temperature pri encimskem katalizatorju bistveno nižje kot pri kemijskem katalizatorju.
Keywords:	hidroliza saharoze, invertaza, katalizator, aktivacijska energija, reaktor z nasutjem.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[R. Kranvogl]
Year of publishing:	2010
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-14793
UDC:	66.097.3:66.094.941.023.2(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	14345750
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:AUILKHK1
Publication date in DKUM:	20.07.2010
Views:	4011
Downloads:	453
Metadata:
Categories:	KTFMB - FKKT
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	INFLUENCE OF CATALYST TYPE ON REACTION RATE IN BENCH-TOP PACKED BED REACTOR
Abstract:	Sucrose hydrolysis is a reaction that can run with chemical or enzyme catalyst. During the research for this diploma paper we perfomed this reaction in chemical and biological bench-top packed bed reactor. Diploma paper’s main aim was to find out with which catalyst, chemical or enzyme, we reach the highest reaction rates of sucrose hydrolysis. To design reactors, it is necessary to know the influence of process variables to the course of the reaction. For that reason we performed the reaction at different temperatures, volume flows and with different enzyme concentrations. We used laboratory bench-top packed bed reactor. During the research, we put the main stress on biological reactor. We used invertase enzyme and studied the reaction of sucrose hydrolysis. The main goal of the second part of the research was to define the basic kinetics parameters of enzyme reaction, such as activation energy, preexponent factor, Michaelis–Menten constant etc. To perform the reaction in chemical reactor, we used the Amberlite IR–120 catalyst with average size of parts, d = 533 µm. In that case we performed the reaction at different temperatures. On the basis of experimental measurements in chemical reactor we were defining only the rate of the reaction, because of kinetics studies were already previously done. With the measurements in the biological reactor we proved, that chosen enzyme reactions follow very well to Michaelis–Menten kinetics. We defined the value of activation energy, Ea = (17,9 – 20) kJ/mol and Michaelis–Menten constant, KM = (27,2 – 28,5) mmol/L. Both values match with those in the literature. A comparison of chemical and biological reactor shows that the rate is much higher when the enzyme catalys is used, even for 20 %, if we take the average enzyme concentration. Despite higher price of enzyme catalyst and more time needed to reestablish the steady state, we should choose biochemical reactor, as operating temperatures are essentially lower with the enzyme catalyst in comparison to chemical catalyst.
Keywords:	sucrose hydrolysis, invertase, catalyst, activation energy, bench-top packed bed reactor.

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