STOPNIČASTE KLAVZULE (MULTI-TIER CLAUSES)

Bolta, Jana

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Title:	STOPNIČASTE KLAVZULE (MULTI-TIER CLAUSES)
Authors:	ID Bolta, Jana (Author) ID Tratnik, Matjaž (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UNI_Bolta_Jana_2010.pdf (472,14 KB) MD5: DD63E7C4F9AE7084B45FCF4BFF6B7D63 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/0ffe574b-478b-4afa-acc1-07b8b5ceffe2
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Undergraduate thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Stopničaste klavzule so postale pomemben dodatek domačih in mednarodnih gos-podarskih pogodb po celem svetu. Sestavljene so iz več faz, ki vsebujejo ločene postopke, namenjene reševanju nastalega spora. Zaporedje postopkov je natančno določeno. V začetnih fazah so najpogosteje določena pogajanja ali postopek mediacije oziroma konciliacije, čigar namen je, da stranki rešita spor na prijateljski način ter se izogneta reševanju spora v naslednjih fazah. Postopka arbitraže in pravdanja sta predvidena kot zadnja, zato se z njuno pomočjo spor rešuje le, če so predhodne faze neuspešne. Stopničaste klavzule so izredno fleksibilne in lahko kombinirajo elemente različnih postopkov. Danes imamo v praksi že kar nekaj različnih oblik. Eden izmed problemov, ki se pojavlja na tem področju je, ali so predhodni postopki za stranke obvezni in izvršljivi. Avtorji in sodišča so zavzeli različna stališča, kaj se zgodi, če ena stranka ne izpolni obveznosti iz večstopenjske klavzule ter direktno predloži spor v reševanje arbitraži ali sodišču. Nekateri menijo, da so predhodni postopki izvršljiv procesni predpogoj arbitraži ali pravdanju, drugi, da izpustitev predložitve spora v reševanje predhodnim postopkom nikakor ne more vplivati na njuno pristojnost. Naslednji problem, ki se večkrat pojavi je, kako določno mora biti klavzula zapisana, da je izvršljiva. Odgovore na vprašanja nam dajeta teorija in sodna praksa. Stopničaste klavzule se pogosto uporabljajo v praksi in pomenijo velik napredek na področju reše-vanja sporov.
Keywords:	stopničasta klavzula, ADR postopki, procesna ali materialna narava, določnost, izvršljivost.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[J. Bolta]
Year of publishing:	2010
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-15248
UDC:	34(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	4123435
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:23W26ZSG
Publication date in DKUM:	09.09.2010
Views:	2217
Downloads:	276
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	MULTI-TIER CLAUSES
Abstract:	Multi-tier dispute resolution clauses have become popular additions to domestic and international commercial contracts all over the world. These clauses typically prescribe tiered stages, involving separate procedures, for dealing with and seek-ing to resolve the dispute. Such clauses typically provide for certain steps and ef-forts to be taken by the parties prior to commencing arbitration or litigation. Typically, the initial tiers of such clauses provide for a duty to enter into negotia-tions or a duty to participate in conciliation or mediation process This initial steps are aimed at finding an amicable settlement of disputes, in order to avoid arbitra-tion or litigation. Arbitration or litigation are the last tiers of such clauses and are intended to be conducted only if the efforts taken in the initial steps have failed. These clauses are very flexible and may combine elements of different procedures. Today, there are various models of multi-tier clauses in use. One of the key issues about multi-tier clauses is to what extent the non-adjudicatory part of these clauses are mandatory and enforceable. The authors and courts have taken different positions about what happens if a party ignores the initial tiers and files a request for arbitration without having engaged in the provided for negotiations or mediation. Some take the view that initial steps are an enforceable condition precedent to the ensuing arbitration or litigation, others that they cannot in any way affect the tribunal's jurisdiction. Moreover, there is an issue to what degree of certainty must a dispute resolution clause be drafted to be enforceable. Issues are being solved by the theory and case law. Multi-tier clauses are widely used in practice and are an important progress in dispute resolution methods.
Keywords:	multi-tier clause, ADR procedures, procedural or substantive nature, certainty, enforceability.

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