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Title:PREKRŠKOVNI VIDIK KRŠENJA PRAVIL KONKURENČNEGA PRAVA V RS IN EU
Authors:ID Bokalič, Matej (Author)
ID Repas, Martina (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Bokalic_Matej_2010.pdf (737,00 KB)
MD5: 54B16DF010C998A47D0A1A40E955E21D
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/7cf3134c-ee50-4cbb-a5c3-61a05279f4d0
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Delo pred bralcem želi celovito zajeti in predstaviti sankcije, ki sledijo kršenju pravil konkurenčnega prava, ter jih sistematično umestiti v posamezne pravne veje. Avtor ugotavlja, da je ureditev kršenja pravil konkurenčnega prava različna po posameznih pravnih sistemih in da sta ureditvi po predpisih Republike Slovenije in Evropske unije bolj prizanesljivi od ureditve v Združenih državah Amerike. Najtrdnejši argument za to je ameriška podreditev kršitve izključno pravilom kazenskega prava. Kazenskemu pravu je sicer podrejena kršitev tudi po slovenskem pravu, vendar je bistvena razlika od ameriške ureditve v tem, da taka ureditev ni izključna, saj je kršitev opredeljena tudi kot prekršek, kar je za zdaj v praksi edini način sankcioniranja. Sama praksa sankcioniranja kršitev s področja varstva konkurence se približuje ureditvi po pravu EU, ki kršitve podreja prekrškovnim pravilom. Glede odškodnin je najmilejša ureditev v RS, saj se omejuje na višino dejanske škode in izgubljeni dobiček, sodna praksa Sodišča EU dopušča kaznovalne odškodnine v državah članicah, ki so jih vpeljale v svoj nacionalni pravni red, medtem ko je kaznovalna odškodnina splošna značilnost ameriške ureditve. Bistveno pozornost avtor namenja prekrškovnemu vidiku kršitev in ugotavlja proevropsko agresivnost Zakona o prekrških in Zakona o preprečevanju omejevanja konkurence. S spremembo Zakona o prekrških se je predpisom s področja varstva konkurence široko odprla možnost visokih, nominalno nelimitiranih glob v odstotku letnega prometa, vendar avtor ugotavlja, da je od vseh predpisov s širšega področja varstva konkurence to možnost izkoristil le Zakon o preprečevanju omejevanja konkurence. Čeprav visoke globe zagotavljajo močno generalno in specialno prevencijo, avtor opozarja na nezaželene posledice, kot sta ohromitev prihodkov v državni proračun in nevarnost plačilne nesposobnosti poslovnih subjektov. V sklopu smernic, po katerih organi varstva konkurence določijo višino globe, avtor ugotavlja bistveno večji niz pravil v Smernicah o načinu določanja glob, naloženih skladno s členom 23 Uredbe št. 1/2003, ki jih uporablja Komisija, kot v Zakonu o prekrških, ki ga uporablja Urad za varstvo konkurence. Večji nabor je po mnenju avtorja dobrodošel za temeljito individualizacijo sankcije. Avtor pozornost usmerja v program prizanesljivosti kot enega novejših institutov, ki se uporablja samo kot sredstvo odkrivanja kartelov, in v sklopu katerega se prijavitelju odpusti plačilo globe ali se mu globa zmanjša. Na eni strani gre za domiselni institut z učinki razkrivanja in sankcioniranja kartelov, kar je vsekakor dobra lastnost tega programa, ki se prek prijave udeležencev kartela odraža v manjši potrebni aktivnosti in številčnosti organa varstva konkurence za zaznavanje kartelov ter posledično v nižjih stroških učinkovitega delovanja organa. Druga stran programa prizanesljivosti pa je možnost njegove zlorabe, ki bi lahko bistveno utrdila tržni položaj pobudnika kartela in prijavitelja v eni osebi in ki bi lahko s sankcioniranjem v kartelu prostovoljno udeleženih konkurentov na trg učinkovala negativno.
Keywords:KONKURENČNO PRAVO, SANKCIJA, KAZEN, ODŠKODNINA, PREKRŠEK, KAZNIVO DEJANJE, GLOBA, OMEJENA GLOBA, NEOMEJENA GLOBA, PROGRAM PRIZANESLJIVOSTI, ODPUSTITEV GLOBE, ZNIŽANJE GLOBE
Place of publishing:Trbovlje
Publisher:[M. Bokalič]
Year of publishing:2010
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-16719 New window
UDC:34(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:4153643 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:RHNCGUMM
Publication date in DKUM:19.11.2010
Views:3495
Downloads:453
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:INFRINGEMENT VIEW OF VIOLATION OF COMPETITION LAW IN RS AND EU
Abstract:The purpose of the thesis you are reading is to include and present the sanctions that are a consequence of competition law infringement. It also places these sanctions systematically in particular law branches. The author finds that there are differences in the regulations of competition law infringement in different legal systems and that the regulations in the Republic of Slovenia and in European Union are more lenient than those in the United States of America. The best argument for this is the fact that in the United States this is a matter of criminal law. This is also a matter of criminal law in Slovenia but the essential difference from the American regulations is that such regulations are not exclusive, since the infringement is defined also as a minor offence and it is, in practice, only sanctioned as such. The practice of protection of competition infringement sanctioning is approximating the European Union legal regulations, where it is a matter of minor offences regulations. As to indemnities, the least severe are the regulations in the Republic of Slovenia that sets the limit to the amount of the actual damage and lost profit. The legal practice of the EU court allows punitive damages for the member states which have incorporated them in their national legal order, whereas in the USA punitive damages are characteristic of the regulations. The author focuses mainly on the minor offence facets of infringements and established a pro-European aggressiveness of the Minor Offence Act and the Prevention of Restriction of Competition Act. The change of the Minor Offences Law has opened a possibility for the protection of competition regulations to set high, nominally unlimited fines, defined by the percentage of annual turnover. The author, however, finds that among all the protection of competition regulations only the Prevention of Restriction of Competition Act has taken this opportunity. Although high fines assure a stron general and special prevention, the author points out the undesireable consequences, such as prevention of national budget income and the danger of insolvency of business entities. In the assembly of guidelines, according to which protection of competition organs set the height of fine, the author establishes more regulations in the Guidelines for setting fines, in accordance with the article 23 of the Decree no. 1/2003, used by the Commission, than in the Minor Offences Act, used by the Competition Protection Office. A wide range is, in the opinion of the author, important for a thorough individualization of the sanction. The author draws attention to the leniency programme as one of the newest institutes used only to discover trusts and in scope of which the applicant is remitted the fine or their fine is reduced. On one hand it is an imaginative institution with the effects of discovering and sanctioning of trusts which is definitely a positive characteristic of this programme that uses a report by a trust member to result in a lower needed activity and number of the protection of competition organ to find the trusts and the costs of effective activity of the organ is, therefore, lower. On the other hand, the leniency programme can be abused in such a way that if the trust initiator and applicant are the same person it may reinforce their market position and, in case of competition voluntarily involved in a trust, have a negative effect on the market.
Keywords:COMPETITION LAW, SANCTION, PENALTY, INDEMNITY, MINOR OFFENCE, CRIMINAL OFFENCE, FINE, LIMITED FINE, UNLIMITED FINE, LENIENCY PROGRAMME, FINE AMNESTY, FINE REDUCTION


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