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Title:USODA PREBIVALSTVA IN NASLEDSTVO DRŽAV - PRIMER IZBRISANIH V REPUBLIKI SLOVENIJI
Authors:ID Petrač, Kvirin (Author)
ID Devetak, Silvo (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Petrac_Kvirin_2011.pdf (588,28 KB)
MD5: 05C0C6A5B28CEA46C850463C8190C8C8
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/682068d7-1531-4c7d-b54e-f264aa87f0f0
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Razpad Jugoslavije in nastanek samostojne Republike Slovenije je potekal v zelo burnih okoliščinah. Bil je to čas propada socializma v vzhodnoevropskih državah in tako tudi v samoupravni Jugoslaviji ter v Sovjetski zvezi, ki je bila pravzaprav jamstvo za obstoj jugoslovanske države. Pri razpadanju jugoslovanske federacije je Slovenija imela pomembno vlogo, ne pa najodločilnejše. Odločitev Slovenije, da zapusti Jugoslavijo, ni bila enostavna, saj je vanjo v povojnih desetletjih vložila veliko energije in sredstev. Veliko Slovencev je verjelo v reformiranje Jugoslavije v federalizirano in demokratično državo, ki bi zagotovila nacionalne pravice tam živečim narodom. Za samostojnost so se odločili šele, ko je reformiranje Jugoslavije postalo brezupen projekt. Da bi rešila politične težave je Jugoslavije že leta 1974 sprejela novo ustavo. Ta je vzpostavila model za večnacionalne federacije. Odnose med federacijo in federalnimi državami je postavila na načelo izvirne suverenosti federalnih držav in izvedene suverenosti federacije. Ustava je omogočila veto s strani zveznih republik in provinc Jugoslavije na vse odločitve, ki bi negativno vplivale nanje. Rezultat ustave je bil skoraj popolna paraliza federalnega sistema v času gospodarske in politične krize leta 1980. Z rojstvom nacionalizma (predvsem srbskega) ter želje Srbije po večji centralizaciji Jugoslavije, je slednje naletelo na nestrinjanje Slovenije, ki se ji je kasneje pridružila še Hrvaška. Slovenija je skupaj s Hrvaška ponudila rešitev, to je reformiranje Jugoslavije v konfederacijo, in če bi to ne bilo uspešno, razglasitev samostojnosti obeh držav. Kriza v Jugoslaviji je vzbudila skrb mednarodne skupnosti zlasti Evropske Unije. Mednarodna skupnost je nasprotovala odcepitvi držav od Jugoslavije, saj se je zavzemala za njeno teritorialno celovitost. 16. decembra 1991 so se na pobudo nemške diplomacije sestali zunanji ministri Evropske Unije. Na tem srečanju je nastala Deklaracija o smernicah za priznanje novih držav v vzhodni Evropi in Sovjetski Zvezi, v kateri je določila več posebnih pogojev za priznanje držav. Z Deklaracijo o smernicah za priznanje novih držav je mednarodna skupnost uradno spremenila svoje stališče glede celovitosti Jugoslavije in legitimnosti nastanka novih držav. 25. junija 1991 sta Slovenija in Hrvaška s plebiscitom razglasili svojo neodvisnost, sledila je krvava državljanska vojna, sprva oborožen konflikt v Sloveniji, ki se je nato razširil še na Hrvaško, Bosno in Hercegovino ter Kosovo. Skupščina Republike Slovenije je 6. decembra 1990 sprejela Zakon o plebiscitu o samostojnosti in neodvisnosti Republike Slovenije in Razglas državljanom Republike Slovenije. Z zakonom je bilo določeno, da glasovalni upravičenci z »da« ali »ne« odgovorijo na vprašanje: »Ali naj republika Slovenija postane samostojna in neodvisna država«. Zakon je določal, da je odločitev, da Slovenija postane samostojna in neodvisna država, sprejeta, če se zanjo izreče večina vseh glasovalnih upravičencev. Pozitivna odločitev zavezuje Skupščino Republike Slovenije, da sprejme v šestih mesecih ustavne in druge akte ter ukrepe, ki so potrebni, da Republika Slovenija prevzame izvrševanje suverenih pravic, ki jih je prenesla na organe Socialistične Federativne Republike Jugoslavije. Plebiscit je bil razpisan na dan 23. decembra 1990. Da se je Slovenija lahko osamosvojila, je morala sprejeti številne zakone ter mednarodne pogodbe. Najpomembnejša zakona, poleg seveda Ustave, sta bila Zakon o državljanstvu Republike Slovenije ter Zakon o tujcih. S sprejetjem Zakona o državljanstvu Republike Slovenije je omogočila pridobitev slovenskega državljanstva vsem, ki so si to želeli, a so morali za državljanstvo zaprositi. Tisti, ki to niso želeli in zanj niso zaprosili, so po Zakonu o tujcih postali tujci. Slovenija je podpisnica številnih mednarodnih pogodb in dokumentov. Najpomembnejši mednarodni dokumenti s področja človekovih pravic so: Splošna deklaracija človekovih p
Keywords:izbrisani, ustavna odločba, Zakon o državljanstvu Republike Slovenije, Zakon o tujcih, Zakon o urejanju statusa državljanov drugih držav naslednic nekdanje SFRJ, človekove pravice.
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[K. Petrač]
Year of publishing:2011
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-17446 New window
UDC:34(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:4187179 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:IBGSSBQ0
Publication date in DKUM:17.02.2011
Views:3495
Downloads:255
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:FATE OF THE POPULATION AND SUCCESSION OF STATES - THE EXAMPLE OF THE ERASED IN THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
Abstract:The disintegration of Yugoslavia and the emergence of the independent state of Slovenia were happening in a very turbulent time. It was the time when socialism broke down in the eastern European states including self-governing Yugoslavia and especially the Soviet Union, which was in fact the guarantee for the existence of Yugoslavia. Slovenia played an important role in the downfall of Yugoslavia, but its role was not decisive. Slovenia’s decision to leave Yugoslavia was not an easy one, especially because it put a lot of energy and resources into it in the years following the war. A lot of Slovenes believed in the reformation of Yugoslavia into a federal and democratic state, which would ensure national rights to its citizens. Their decision for independence became a reality when the reformation of Yugoslavia became a hopeless project. Yugoslavia adopted a new constitution in 1974 in order to solve its political issues . The constitution established a model for a multinational federation. The relationship between the federation and federal states was found on the original principle of sovereignty of the federal states and implemented sovereignty of the federation. The constitution entitled the federal republics and provinces of Yugoslavia the right to veto on every decision, which would have a harmful effect on them. The outcome of the constitution was almost total paralysis of the federal system in the economic and political depression in 1980. The birth of nationalism (especially in Serbia) and the cravings of Serbia for a larger centralization of Yugoslavia led into a disagreement of Slovenia, which was later joined by Croatia. Slovenia together with Croatia offered a solution that was to reform Yugoslavia into a confederation and if that would not be successful, to declare their independence. The crisis in Yugoslavia aroused the concern of the international community especially the European Union. The international community opposed the separation of Yugoslavia because it strived for its territorial integrity. Initiative of the German diplomacy led to a meeting of the foreign ministers of the European Union, which happened on 16th December 1991. At the meeting the Declaration on the Guidelines on the Recognition of New States in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union arose and in it special conditions for the recognition of states were stated. With the Declaration on the Guidelines on the Recognition of New States in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union the international community officially changed its opinion about the integrity of Yugoslavia and the legitimacy of newly created states. On 25th June 1991 Slovenia and Croatia declared their independence after the plebiscite and that was followed by a bloody civil war, first an armed conflict in Slovenia which expanded to Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo. On 6th December 1990 the Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia passed the Plebiscite Law for the Independence and Sovereignty of the Republic of Slovenia and announcement to citizens of the Republic of Slovenia. The law stipulated that the voters should answer with “yes” or “no” to the question: “Should the Republic of Slovenia become a separate and independent state?” The law stated that the decision of Slovenia to become an independent state would be adopted if the majority of its voters express their approval. The passed decision obligates The Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia to pass constitutional and other acts necessary for the Republic of Slovenia to assume enforcement of its sovereign rights which were passed down to the authorities of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in a timeline of six months. The plebiscite was held on 23rd December 1990. In order to get its independence Slovenia had to accept numerous acts and international treaties. The most important acts besides the Constitution were the Citizenship Act of the Republic of Slovenia and the Aliens act. With the passing of the Citizenship Act of the Republic of Slovenia it enabled all who wan
Keywords:erased, constitutional decision, Citizenship Act of the Republic of Slovenia, Aliens act, Act on the Regulation of the Status of Citizens of Other Successor States to the Former SFRY, human rights.


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