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Title:OBLIKOVANJE ZDRAVJU PRIJAZNEGA OKOLJA NA GRADBIŠČIH Z UPOŠTEVANJEM ERGONOMSKIH NAČEL
Authors:ID Zor, Simon (Author)
ID Balantič, Zvonko (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Zor_Simon_2011.pdf (2,23 MB)
MD5: 71E735CAB38C745A9052140084143856
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/424ad1dc-f23c-4a18-af40-49a9fc074d47
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Organization:FOV - Faculty of Organizational Sciences in Kranj
Abstract:Vsebina diplomskega dela opisuje področje ergonomije in varnosti pri delu v gradbeništvu. Omenjeni področji sta izjemnega pomena pri ustvarjanju ugodnega in človeku prijaznega delovnega okolja. Podrobneje je predstavljen pomen ergonomskih načel pri oblikovanju dela ter pravila in zakoni o varnosti pri delu. Ključni problem diplomskega dela tako predstavljajo zdravstvene težave in varnost pri delu gradbenih delavcev. Skozi vsebino so predstavljena nevarna področja dela, poškodbe pri delu, psihične in fizične obremenitve pri delu, neugodno delovno okolje in organizacija dela, med katerim smo se usmerili predvsem na delovni čas, odmore in prehrano med delom. Spoznali smo, da se skozi leto zgodi preveč delovnih nesreč, katerih vzrok pripisujemo nedoslednemu upoštevanju ergonomskih načel ter pravil in zakonov o varnosti pri oblikovanju dela na gradbiščih. Problem, ki ga obravnava diplomska naloga, bi tako odpravili oz. izboljšali obstoječe stanje z večjim upoštevanjem omenjenega. Tudi rezultati raziskave, ki smo jo opravili z anketnim vprašalnikom, so pokazali, da bi z večjim upoštevanjem ergonomskih načel in varnosti pri delu na gradbiščih zmanjšali število nezgod pri delu, izboljšali zdravje delavcev in posledično tudi delovne procese. S tem rezultatom smo potrdili našo drugo hipotezo. Prvo hipotezo, ki govori o tem, da psihična in fizična obremenjenost gradbenega delavca, presega tolerančne meje zmogljivosti in sposobnosti povprečnega človeka, smo zavrnili. Pridobljeni podatki so namreč pokazali, da je delo na gradbišču fizično zelo obremenjujoče, stresno in psihično obremenjujoče pa ne v tolikšni meri, da bi presegalo tolerančne meje sposobnosti povprečnega človeka. Hipotezo 1 smo potemtakem zavrnili. Ob koncu smo za rešitev omenjenega problema diplomske naloge predlagali izboljšave. Mednje spadajo ergonomsko prilagojena delovna orodja in tehnologija, s katero bi se zmanjšala telesna oz. fizična obremenjenost delavcev, kar bi imelo pozitiven vpliv na njihovo zdravje. Možnost nastanka poškodb pri delu bi zmanjšali z redno uporabo zaščitne opreme, povečanje varnosti pri delu pa bi zagotovili z doslednejšim upoštevanjem pravil o varnem delovnem okolju in z obvezno uporabo varnostne opreme.
Keywords:ergonomija, zdravje in varnost pri delu, obremenitve, gradbišča, gradbeni delavci
Place of publishing:Maribor
Year of publishing:2011
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-19497 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:6930963 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:IB5HMSPV
Publication date in DKUM:09.11.2011
Views:3316
Downloads:288
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FOV
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:MODELLING A HEALTHY SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT ON CONSTRUCTION SITES CONSIDERING ERGONOMIC PRINCIPLES
Abstract:The content of this thesis describes the scope of ergonomics and safety in construction. Both of these areas are very important in providing a safe and healthy working environment. The importance of ergonomic principles in work design, designing of rules and regulation, are presented in detail. The key problems of this thesis are health problems, and the problem of work safety of construction workers. Throughout the thesis we have presented many problems that arise in construction work, like hazardous working environments, injuries, physical and psychological work stress, unhealthy working environments and the organization of work, where we have focused on working hours, breaks and worker diets during working hours. We have come to a conclusion, that there are too many work related accidents, whose causes we attribute to improper work safety, or disregarding of ergonomic regulations and laws of safety during work at a construction site. The problem, as defined by this thesis, can thus be reduced or the situation improved by pressing for stricter compliment with laws and regulations. These findings were confirmed by a survey, conducted with a questionnaire which showed, that by following the standing laws and regulations regarding work safety and ergonomic principles at construction sites, we can reduce work accidents and improve worker health, which will also improve work processes. These findings have confirmed our second hypothesis. Our first hypothesis, which deals with the mental and physical strain of construction workers, that exceeds the tolerance limits and capacity of abilities of an average person, has been rejected. Data obtained during our research has shown, that whiles construction work is very physically demanding, it does not put an exceeding psychological or mental strain on the person, which would exceed the toleration limits of an average person. Hypothesis 1 was thus rejected. In the end of this thesis, we have proposed solutions, which would help with resolving the described problem. These include ergonomic work tools and application of technology, which would decrease physical strain on the workers, which would have a positive impact on their health. The possibility of injury during work could be reduced with regular use of safety equipment, while increased work safety could be achieved by consistent compliance with work safety regulations and use of safety equipment.
Keywords:ergonomics, health and safety at work, load, construction sites, construction workers


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