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Title:ANALIZA TUJIH NEPOSREDNIH NALOŽB V ŠVICI IN NA ŠVEDSKEM ZA OBDOBJE 2005 -2009
Authors:ID Verglez, Rosanda (Author)
ID Boršič, Darja (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Verglez_Rosanda_2011.pdf (960,33 KB)
MD5: ACF452EFE3C764B4AD16704FCBC3306E
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/73a983e9-c85c-4cad-adaf-7c0f243df341
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Final seminar paper
Organization:EPF - Faculty of Business and Economics
Abstract:Tuje neposredne naložbe so oblika mednarodne dejavnosti podjetij. Izhodne tuje neposredne naložbe so tiste, ki jih ustvarjajo domača podjetja v tujini z ustanavljanjem hčerinskih družb, vhodne tuje neposredne naložbe pa tiste, ki jih tuja podjetja ustvarjajo v domači državi z ustanavljanjem hčerinskih družb. Glede na naložbeno strategijo ločimo tuje neposredne naložbe z izgradnjo novih zmogljivosti, ki jih imenujemo tudi greenfield investicije, kar pomeni, da investitor v tuji državi ustanovi in izgradi popolnoma nove poslovne, proizvodne ali trgovinske objekte. Investitor se lahko odloči tudi za prevzem že obstoječega podjetja ali pa se odloči za skupna vlaganja z drugimi podjetji. TNI so do danes izzvale številna nasprotujoča si mnenja o njihovih pozitivnih in negativnih učinkih na gospodarstvo države, ki posluje s tovrstnimi investicijami. Tako Švica kot Švedska sta majhni razviti gospodarstvi, ki po številnih parametrih rangirata najvišje na svetu. Obe državi prav tako že vrsto let poslujeta s tujimi neposrednimi naložbami. Prva industrija v Švici, ki je začela z ustanovitvijo odvisnih podjetij v tujini je bila farmacevtska industrija, sprva z razlogom izogniti se protekcionističnim ukrepom, ki so bili uvedeni s strani tujih držav po prvi svetovni vojni. Švedsko prvo transnacionalno podjetje pa sega vse v 17. stoletje. V letu 2008 je Forbes objavil 2000 svetovnih podjetij, med katerimi je bilo kar 40 švicarskih in 22 švedskih podjetij. Tuje neposredne naložbe iz obeh držav v tujino so v opazovanem obdobju vsako leto rastle, kar pomeni, da se vedno več švicarskih in švedskih podjetij odloča za širitev v tujino. V obeh državah se kot najbolj privlačni lokaciji za tuje investicije pojavljata ZDA in Združeno kraljestvo, Švica ima največ kapitalskih zalog še v offshore finančnih centrih Srednje in Južne Amerike, Švedska pa v Švici in na Nizozemskem. Švicarske kapitalske zaloge so v opazovanem obdobju v poprečju znašale 665 milijard evrov, medtem ko so na švedskem znašale 222 milijard evrov. Obe državi pa sta tudi zelo privlačni za tuje investitorje. Razlogi za to so v obeh državah podobni. Tuje investitorje v državi pritegnejo stabilna gospodarska rast, visok življenjski standard, visoko razvita tehnologija in usposobljena delovna sila, razvita infrastruktura, strateška lega držav, nizke podjetniške davčne stopnje in številne investicijske spodbude države. V letu 2008 je svetovno investicijsko poročilo 2009 zabeležilo kar 6.852 tujih podružnic v Švici. Za svojo velikost je na drugi strani Švedska največja prejemnica TNI na svetu. Švedska je namreč v letu 2008 zabeležila 12.861 tujih podjetij, ki so zaposlovala približno 620 tisoč ljudi, V opazovanem obdobju so na Švedskem največje kapitalske zaloge ustvarila podjetja iz Nizozemske, Luksemburga in Združenega kraljestva, v Švici pa podjetja iz ZDA, Nizozemske in Avstrije. V povprečju so kapitalske zaloge v opazovanem obdobju v Švici znašale 341 milijard evrov na Švedskem pa 200 milijard evrov.
Keywords:tuje neposredne naložbe, transnacionalna podjetja, Švica, Švedska
Place of publishing:Zgornja Polskava
Publisher:[R. Verglez]
Year of publishing:2011
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-19924 New window
UDC:339.7
COBISS.SI-ID:10855196 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:OS2RCDAI
Publication date in DKUM:24.11.2011
Views:1867
Downloads:209
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:EPF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SWITZERLAND AND SWEDEN FOR THE PERIOD 2005-2009
Abstract:Foreign direct investments are a form of international activity of business companies. Outward foreign direct investments are those that are generated by domestic firms abroad by establishing subsidiaries, inward foreign direct investments, on the other hand, are those which are generated by foreign firms in home economy by setting up subsidiaries. Due to the investment strategy foreign direct investments are divided to investment by building new capacity, which is also known as a greenfield investment, which means that the investor in a foreign country establish or build up a completely new business, manufacturing or commercial facilities. The investor may also choose to take over an existing company or decides for joint ventures with other companies. FDI to date raised a number of conflicting opinions about their positive and negative effects on the economy of a country that operates with such investments. Both Switzerland and Sweden are small developed economies, which according to a number of parameters are ranking the highest in the world. Both countries also operate with foreign direct investments for a number of years. The first industry in Switzerland, which began by setting up subsidiaries abroad, is pharmaceutical industry, beginning with the reason to avoid protectionist measures imposed by foreign countries after World War I. Sweden’s first transnational company dates back to the 17th century. In 2008, Forbes published the 2000 global companies, of which there was 40 Swiss and 22 Swedish companies. Foreign direct investment from both countries to the rest of the world, in the period, grew each year, which means that more and more Swiss and Swedish companies are choosing to expand abroad. In both countries, as the most attractive location for foreign investment are emerging USA and United Kingdom, Switzerland has more capital stock also in offshore financial centers in Central and South America and Sweden in Finland and the Netherlands. Swiss capital stocks during the observed period amounted to 665 billion euro on average, while in Sweden amounted to 222 billion euro. Both countries are also very attractive for foreign investors. Reasons for that are in both countries very similar. Foreign investors are attracted to countries by stable economic growth, high living standard, high-tech and skilled workforce, developed infrastructure, strategic location of countries, low corporate tax rates and number of investment incentives law. In 2008, the World Investment Report 2009 recorded 6.852 foreign affiliates in Switzerland. For its size, on the other hand, Sweden is the largest recipient of FDI in the world. Sweden recorded 12.861 foreign companies in 2008, employing approximately 620 thousand people. Over the period in Sweden the largest capital stock was created by companies from the Netherlands, Luxembourg and the United Kingdom and in Switzerland companies from USA, as well as from Netherlands and Austria. On average, the capital stock in the period in Switzerland amounted to 341 billion euro and in Sweden to 200 billion euro.
Keywords:foreign direct investments, transnational companies, Swiss, Sweden


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