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Title:FORUM SHOPPING V ČEZMEJNIH INSOLVENČNIH POSTOPKIH ZNOTRAJ EVROPSKE UNIJE
Authors:ID Pleskonjić, Marko (Author)
ID Tratnik, Matjaž (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Pleskonjic_Marko_2012.pdf (832,16 KB)
MD5: B0B0FD991AD7F260DACACF38579D632D
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/c99a6e4a-352d-433b-8e8e-2f714eb29e40
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:V času čedalje večje internacionalizacije poslovanja in mednarodnega prepletanja kapitala je v zadnjih letih na področju Evropske unije opaziti porast povpraševanja po bolj fleksibilnih in podjetjem prijaznejšim pravnih redih znotraj Evropske unije. V smislu insolvenčnega prava je najnovejši trend v Evropski uniji pojav t. i. čezmejnega forum shopping-a v insolvenčnih postopkih. Dolžniki skušajo s prenosom premoženja oz. sodnih postopkov iz ene države članice v drugo pred sodiščem izven države, kjer se nahaja središče dolžnikovih glavnih interesov, doseči ugodnejši pravni položaj v postopku zaradi insolventnosti. Pojav forum shopping-a je prisoten v praktično vseh vejah prava. Tako ga najdemo npr. v pravu gospodarskih družb, družinskem pravu, mednarodnem zasebnem pravu itd. Ne glede na področje prava pa se vedno poraja vprašanje, do katere meje je tako ravnanje dopustno. Kdaj se tako ravnanje šteje za zlorabo prava in kdaj za ekonomsko koristno? Kdaj je forum shopping dober in kdaj slab? Upoštevajoč motive za forum shopping vidimo, zakaj je fenomen forum shopping-a tako hitro prešel iz običajnih civilnih sporov na področje insolvenčnega prava. V večini primerov pomeni razliko med rešitvijo podjetja v postopku prestrukturiranja na eni in propadom podjetja na drugi strani. V postopku prestrukturiranja je podjetje največkrat sposobno ohraniti delovna razmerja, z njo povezane družbe ter poplačati upnike, medtem ko je ob prenehanju soočeno s ponovno vzpostavitvijo poslovanja, registracijo družbe ter s tem povezanimi stroški. Orodje za preprečevanje forum shopping-a v čezmejnih insolvenčnih postopkih znotraj Evropske unije je Uredba Sveta (ES) 1346/2000 o postopkih zaradi insolventnosti, ki temelji na prepričanju, da je forum shopping škodljiv za delovanje notranjega trga Evropske unije. Uredba 1346/2000 je bila sprejeta prehitro. Ni dosledno upoštevala problemske specifike pojava forum shopping-a in je kot taka potrebna nujnih sprememb. Potrebno je predvsem določiti natančnejše kriterije glede določanja središča dolžnikovih glavnih interesov in časovni okvir, kdaj ob nastopu insolventnosti je še dopustno prenesti središče dolžnikovih glavnih interesov in kdaj ne. Diplomska naloga preko analize sodnih odločb in primerov iz prakse preizkuša legitimnost negativnega stališča, ki ga je do pojava čezmejnega forum shopping-a zavzela Uredba 1346/2000 in večina pravne stroke. V večini primerov uspešnih prenosov središča dolžnikovih glavnih interesov z namenom forum shopping-a ni v ospredju oškodovanje upnikov, temveč potreba po učinkovitejšem in enostavnejšem prestrukturiranju insolventnih gospodarskih družb, s katerim se zagotovi nadaljevanje poslovanja in poplačilo dolgov upnikom.
Keywords:forum shopping, insolventnost, Uredba Sveta 1346/2000 o postopkih zaradi insolventnosti, središče dolžnikovih glavnih interesov, čezmejni insolvenčni postopek
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[M. Pleskonjić]
Year of publishing:2012
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-36659 New window
UDC:34(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:4379435 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:ZHLIHDTY
Publication date in DKUM:12.07.2012
Views:3517
Downloads:378
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:FORUM SHOPPING IN CROSS-BORDER INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Abstract:In times of increasing internationalization of business and the international interplay of capital there is an increasing demand for a more flexible and business friendly legislation within the European Union. In context of insolvency law a new trend has emerged in the European Union called cross-border forum shopping. The debtors are trying to obtain a more favourable legal position by transferring assets or judicial proceedings from one Member State to another to a court outside the place of their Centre of Main Interests (COMI). The phenomenon of forum shopping is present in every branch of law. We can find it for example in Company Law, Family Law, Private International Law etc. Irrespective of branch of the law, the question remains: to what extent is this behaviour permissible? When is it considered as an abuse of the law and when is it economically beneficial? When is forum shopping good and when is it bad? Considering the motivations for forum shopping, it is not difficult to see why its desirability is so easily transposed from typical civil and commercial litigation to the insolvency sphere. In most cases it means the difference between saving a business through process of restructuring on one hand, and the bankruptcy on the other. Through the process of restructuring a given company is usually capable of maintaining its number of employees, subsidiaries or other legal entities and repaying their creditors, meanwhile in case of bankruptcy one has to deal with the new registration process, re-establishing operations and with that related costs. The tool for the prevention of forum shopping in cross-border insolvency proceedings within the European Union is European Insolvency Regulation (EIR), which is based on common belief that forum shopping is bad for the functioning of the European Internal Market. EIR was drafted too quickly without taking into account the whole specificity of the forum shopping phenomenon, thus it needs an urgent change. More precise criteria for the determination of the COMI and a time frame in which it is permitted to switch the COMI in time of insolvency must be defined. Through the analyzing of judicial decisions, the thesis tests the legitimacy of the negative position taken towards forum shopping by EIR and most of the legal scholarship. In most cases of successful switch of the COMI with the intent of forum shopping, the defrauding of creditors is not at the forefront. It is rather the need for a more efficient and simpler restructuring process of insolvent companies, through which further functioning and repayment of debts to creditors are ensured.
Keywords:forum shopping, insolvency, EU Insolvency Regulation, Centre of Main Interests, cross-border insolvency proceeding


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