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Title:PREHRANSKI VNOS NOSEČNIC V RAZLIČNIH OBDOBJIH
Authors:ID Bandalo, Urška (Author)
ID MIČETIĆ - TURK, DUŠANKA (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf SPEC_Bandalo_Urska_2012.pdf (3,46 MB)
MD5: 982EA9A2AF495D69162224AA4ED8C686
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/017cd2ab-79af-41c9-8918-1049def8e6d7
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Specialist thesis
Organization:FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
Abstract:Nosečnice z uravnoteženo prehrano preprečijo morebitne zaplete med nosečnostjo in porodom. Z dodatnim vnosom vitaminskih in mineralnih pripravkov se zmanjša tveganje za različne vrste prirojenih napak. Namen specialističnega dela je ugotoviti povprečen energijski vnos in povprečen vnos beljakovin, ogljikovih hidratov, maščob, prehranskih vlaknin, vitaminov in mineralov pri nosečnicah v prvem, drugem in tretjem trimesečju ter opredeliti prehranski status na podlagi pridobljenih podatkov o telesni teži in višini. Raziskovalna metodologija: V obravnavo smo vključili 30 naključno izbranih nosečnic v Zdravstvenem domu Velenje. Uporabili smo metodo zapisovanja količine obroka in metodo tehtanja živil. Pridobili smo podatke o vnosu makro- in mikro - hranil med nosečnicami v različnih časovnih obdobjih ter jih primerjali s prehranskimi priporočili. Podatke o hranilni vrednosti živil oziroma gotovih jedi smo dobili z računalniškim programom Prehrana 2000. Pri nosečnicah smo izvedli antropometrične meritve in ugotovili njihov prehranski status ter spremljali porast telesne teže med nosečnostjo. Ugotovitve:Celodnevna prehrana anketiranih nosečnic v vseh treh obdobjih nosečnosti ne ustreza smernicam zdrave in uravnotežene prehrane. Ugotovili smo tudi presežen vnos holesterola in prenizek vnos prehranskih vlaknin. Povprečni dnevni vnos kalcija in železa je bil pri nosečnicah nezadosten v vseh treh obdobjih nosečnosti. Le tri anketiranke so uživale železove preparate. Ugotovili smo povečan vnos natrija in nezadosten vnos vitamina E v prvem in drugem trimesečju in nizek vnos folatov. Povprečna pridobljena telesna teža v celotnem obdobju nosečnosti je bila 12,85 kg. Preiskovanke so v povprečju normalno pridobivale na telesni teži. Sklep: Zaradi manjšega števila preiskovalk smo dobili le okvirne podatke, ki kljub temu jasno kažejo glavne pomanjkljivosti prehrane v preiskovani populaciji. Ženske je potrebno v času načrtovanja materinstva z zdravstveno-vzgojnim programi (npr. šola za starše, ki jo izvajamo v zdravstveno-vzgojnih centrih) osveščati o pomenu zdrave in uravnotežene prehrane ter o njenemu vplivu na zdravje žene in otroka.
Keywords:nosečnost, prehrana, hranilni vnos, prehranska dopolnila, telesna teža, indeks telesne mase
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[U. Bandalo]
Year of publishing:2012
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-38435 New window
UDC:613.2:618.2/.7
COBISS.SI-ID:1855908 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:KLMIQ9MV
Publication date in DKUM:20.11.2012
Views:3236
Downloads:419
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FZV
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:NUTRITION INTAKE BY PREGNANT WOMEN THROUGH DIFFERENT PERIODS
Abstract:With a balanced nutrition pregnant women prevent eventual complications during pregnancy and childbirth. An additional intake of vitamin and mineral preparations reduces the risk for different kinds of innate defects. The purpose of this specialist work is to state the avarage energy intake and the average intake of albumin, carbon hydrates, lipids, nutrition fibrins, vitamins and minerals by pregnant women during the first, second and third three months as well as to define the nutritious status according to achieved data about body weight and height. Research methodology: Into this research we have included 30 coincidentally chosen pregnant women at the Health Station in Velenje. For collecting data we have used the method of writing down the quantities of rations as well as the method of weighing the food. Thus we have achieved data about the intake of macro and micro nourishments among pregnant women in different time periods of pregnancy and have compared them with the nourishment recommendations. We have achieved data about the nutritive value of food or ready-made meals with help of the computer programme Prehrana 2000 (Nutrition 2000). Anthropometric measurements have been made with all pregnant women and we have stated their nutritious status and accompanied the increase of body weight during the pregnancy. Statements: With regard to the results of our research, we think that the all-day nutrition of these pregnant women in all three periods of pregnancy does not correspond to directions of healthy and balanced nutrition. We have also stated an exceeding intake of cholesterol and a too low intake of nutrition fibrins. The average daily intake of calcium and iron has been insufficient at all pregnant women in all three periods of pregnancy. Only three of the inquired pregnant women have been consuming iron preparations. We have stated an increased intake of sodium and an insufficient intake of vitamin E during the first and second three months as well as a too low intake of folates. The average gained body weight during the whole period of pregnancy has been 12,85 kg. The result shows that the inquired have in average been gaining on body weight normally. Conclusion: Because of a smaller number of inquired we have achieved with our research only frame data, which in spite of that clearly show the main defectiveness of nutrition in the inquired population. With health-educational programmes during the period of planning motherhood it is necessary to make women aware of the importance of healthy and balanced nutrition as well as its influence upon the health of the woman as well as the child (for example: school for parents, being performed in health-educational centres).
Keywords:pregnancy, nutrition, nutritious intake, nutrition supplementations, body weight, body mass index.


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