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Title:Droge kot družbeni in kazenskopravni problem (kriminološki vidik)
Authors:ID Majer, Tadej (Author)
ID Dežman, Zlatan (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UNI_Majer_Tadej_2013.pdf (507,64 KB)
MD5: C4DEBFC32C666DCA92E1D7C9E0A69455
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Droga je pojem z najrazličnejšimi pomeni. Z njo označujemo pojave, ki spreminjajo našo duševnost, kadar postanemo zaradi njih zasvojeni, kadar na nas vplivajo pozitivno ali negativno, itd. Ko govorimo o drogah, imamo večinoma v mislih mamila, torej psihotropne snovi, ki v naše telo pridejo z njuhanjem, kajenjem, ali neposredno z injekcijo. Poseg po njih ni nikoli zgolj slučajen. V večini primerih imajo za nas nek pomen, pa naj si bo to zgolj radovednost, sprostitev ali zabava. V svoji diplomi bom predstavil sodobno družbo 21. stoletja, ki neozirajoče dirja po tveganih poteh v neko drugo, moderno. Človek življenja ne jemlje več kot zabave, kot so to znale ceniti civilizacije v preteklosti. Delo je tisto, ki vodi naš zastrašujoč tempo od rojstva do smrti. Od vsakega posameznika se pričakuje, da bo odrastel s svetlobno hitrostjo, pri tem pa premagoval vse ovire, po možnosti brez sleherne pomoči drugih. Bistvo človekovega osebnostnega razvoja je adolescenca, zato prikazujem njene faze razvoja, njihova tveganja, ki jih prenaša in tudi devianten odnos do družbenih pravil. V družbi tveganja marsikdo ravna deviantno, zavestno ali nezavestno. Odklonska dejanja so zgolj nekaj normalnega v naši družbi, devianten odnos posameznikov pa je tesno povezan s kriminalom in drogami. Družbena pravila nam velevajo, da se jim podredimo. A marsikdaj so ta pravila nesmiselna, saj jih postavlja družbena elita tako, kot se jim v tistem trenutku zahoče. Tako je tudi z drogami in politiko drog. Zato bom v svoji diplomi prikazal različna urejanja, odločanja ter stališča do drog. Vsako izmed njih ima svoje prednosti in slabosti. Modeli rešitev se prikazujejo v teoriji kot idealni, v praksi pa verjetno nobena izmed urejanj razmer ne bi prestala preizkusa. Zato se države poslužujejo večinoma rešitev, ki vsebujejo argumente različnih stališč. Zaenkrat nobeno urejanje in stališče ne prinaša tiste rešitve, ki jo tako intenzivno »iščemo«. Upravičeno se lahko vprašamo, ali sploh želimo najti rešitev, saj se ob močnih preprodajalskih združbah in nemoči držav ali celo korupciji »tam zgoraj« cel čas vrtimo v začaranem krogu. Kljub temu, da je Evropa po prvem desetletju 21. stoletja postala povezana kot še nikoli prej, pa še vedno ni bila sposobna povezati kaznovalno politiko posameznih držav do te mere, da bi bile kazenske zakonodaje in kazenski postopki vsaj podobni v posameznih državah članicah. Razlike so celo znotraj posameznih držav. Razlike pa so še toliko večje, ko primerjamo različne države med seboj. (De)kriminalizacija posesti, uživanje in prodaja se od države do države razlikujejo. Kar pa je državam skupno pa je to, da se v novejšem času spodbuja alternativna oblika kaznovanja za tiste, ki potrebujejo pomoč za ozdravitev od duševne in telesne odvisnosti. Družbena pravila so razdelila droge na dovoljene in prepovedane. V večini držav sta kljub prohibicijskim vojnam proti alkoholu in tobaku, obe drogi ostali dovoljeni. Zakonska je le omejitev prodaje nad določeno starostjo (18 ali 21 let). Zanimivo bi bilo videti, kakšen odnos bi imeli do alkohola in tobaka, če bi ju iznašli šele sedaj, v 21. stoletju. Na koncu bom še povedal nekaj o nizozemskem modelu, ki je glede na svojo politiko do drog kot nekakšna oaza drog v našem svetu. V samem zaključku pa se bom osredotočil na svoja mnenja in razmišljanja o družbenem problemu drog in njihovi kaznovalni politiki.
Keywords:droge, družba tveganja, politika do drog, deviantnost, adolescenca, odvisnost, zasvojenost, dekriminalizacija, legalizacija.
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[T. Majer]
Year of publishing:2013
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-40831 New window
UDC:343.57(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:4553771 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:K8OSFHFX
Publication date in DKUM:28.08.2013
Views:2060
Downloads:352
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Drugs as social and criminal justice problem (criminological perspective)
Abstract:Drug is a term with the most different meanings. With it we denote phenomena which alter our psyche when we become addicted to them, when they affect us in a positive or in a negative way etc. When we talk about drugs we mostly think about narcotics, thus psychotropic substances which come into our body with inhaling, smoking or directly with injection. Reaching for them is never merely accidental. In most cases they have a certain meaning for us, whether it is mere curiosity, relaxation or pure entertainment. In my diploma thesis I shall present the contemporary society of the 21st century, which without any regard runs on risky paths to some other, modern society. A person does not take life as fun anymore like previous generations used to appreciate in the past. Work is what leads our frightening pace from birth to death. It is expected from every individual to grow up with the speed of light, while overcoming all obstacles, preferably with no help from others. The essence of personal development is adolescence therefore I shall demonstrate its phases of development, risks they bring and also a deviant attitude towards social rules. In a risk society many people act deviant, consciously or unconsciously. Deviant acts in our society are merely something normal and deviant behaviour of individuals is closely associated with crime and drugs. Social rules tell us to comply with them. However, these rules are often meaningless since they are set by the social elite in a manner as they see fit at that very moment. It is the same with drugs and drug policy. Therefore, in my diploma thesis I shall present different regulations, decisions and views on drugs. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Models of solutions appear in theory as ideal but in practice probably none of the regulations of situation would pass the test. That is why many states make use of solutions which contain arguments of divergent standpoints. For the time being none of the regulations and standpoints brings the solution that we are so intensely “looking for”. We could legitimately ask ourselves if we even want to find a solution, because next to powerful drug dealing associations and helplessness of countries or even corruption “up above” we are spinning in a vicious circle the entire time. Despite the fact that Europe after the first decade of the 21st century became more connected than ever before, it was still unable to join punitive policies of single countries to the degree which would make criminal justice systems and criminal procedures in respective Member States at least a bit similar. The differences are even greater when we compare different countries with one another. (De)criminalisation of property, use and selling differ from country to country. What all countries have in common is that nowadays they all encourage the alternative form of punishment for those who need help to recover from mental and physical addiction. Social rules have divided drugs into legal and illicit ones. In most countries despite prohibition wars against alcohol and tobacco both drugs stayed legal. Statutory is only the selling limit above certain age (18 or 21 years). It would be interesting to see what attitude toward drugs and alcohol people would have if drugs would be invented just now, in the 21st century. At the end, I shall tell you something about the Dutch model which is according to its drug policy like some sort of a drug oasis in our world. In the conclusion itself, I shall focus on my own opinions and reflections about the social problem of drugs and its punitive policy.
Keywords:drugs, risk society, drug policy, deviance, adolescence, dependency, addiction, decriminalisation, legalisation.


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