Preferenca dvozobih črnink Nemastoma bidentatum ssp. (Arachnida: Opiliones: Nemastomatidae), do različno komprimiranih substratov

Kozel, Peter

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Title:	Preferenca dvozobih črnink Nemastoma bidentatum ssp. (Arachnida: Opiliones: Nemastomatidae), do različno komprimiranih substratov
Authors:	ID Kozel, Peter (Author) ID Novak, Anton (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Pipan, Tanja (Comentor)
Files:	MAG_Kozel_Peter_2013.pdf (7,74 MB) MD5: 40D1326D3A1523586C028D4C69925C7D
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:	V raziskavi smo obravnavali razporeditev osebkov podvrste dvozobe črninke Nemastoma bidentatum ssp. (Nemastomatidae, Opiliones), ki živi v južni in jugovzhodni Sloveniji, v talnem substratu. V prvi skupini poskusov smo ugotavljali razporeditev osebkov v homogenem nekomprimiranem substratu, v drugi skupini pa njihovo preferenco do nekomprimiranega (0,0 kg/cm2), rahlo komprimiranega (0,1 kg/cm2) in močno komprimiranega substrata (1,0 kg/cm2). Na podlagi izsledkov smo želeli preveriti možnost za uporabo črnink kot bioindikatorjev za ocenjevanje kakovosti gozdnih in grmiščnih tal. Poskuse smo izvedli v laboratoriju in v naravi na lokacijah, kjer smo nabrali črninke. Uporabili smo mrežne kletke v poskusni areni, ki so na eni strani omogočile nadzorovano pripravo poskusnega substrata in na drugi strani nadzorovano razstavljanje substrata v poskusni areni. Pri vrednotenju pridobljenih podatkov smo kombinirali metode iz teorije grafov in statistične analitske metode. Za ugotavljanje tipa razporeditve črnink v homogenem substratu smo uporabili prirejen model po teoriji grafov in prostorsko avtokorelacijsko analizo. Glede razporeditve v substratu med samci in samicami ni bilo značilnih razlik, prav tako jih ni bilo v prostorski razporeditvi osebkov glede na kraj opravljanja poskusa – v laboratoriju ali v naravi. Črninke so se v nekomprimiranem homogeniziranem substratu agregirale v skupine. Preferirale so nekomprimiran substrat, malo jih je bilo v rahlo komprimiranem in nobene v močno komprimiranem substratu. Na osnovi poskusov lahko zaključimo, da je rahlost substrata nujni, a ne zadostni pogoj za prisotnost črnink. V raziskavi smo potrdili možnost uporabe te podvrste črnink kot bioindikatorja za in situ določanje kakovosti talnih substratov glede na njihovo čvrstost in sestavo.
Keywords:	bioindikatorji, čvrstost (komprimiranost) tal, ekologija tal, Nemastoma bidentatum, talni substrat
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[P. Kozel]
Year of publishing:	2013
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-41088
UDC:	595.4(497.4)(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	35819053
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:YL8B1OI8
Publication date in DKUM:	11.09.2013
Views:	3207
Downloads:	389
Metadata:
Categories:	FNM
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Preference of Nemastoma bidentatum ssp. (Arachnida: Opiliones: Nemastomatidae) for different substrate compaction
Abstract:	In this research we discussed the distribution of litter-dwelling harvestmen Nemastoma bidentatum ssp. (Nemastomatidae, Opiliones) living in southern and south-eastern Slovenia, within a soil substrate. In the first groups of experients we observed the distribution of individuals in homogeneous uncompacted substrate, and in the second group of experiments, their preference for uncompacted (0,0 kg/cm2), slightly compacted (0,1 kg/cm2) and strongly compacted (1,0 kg/cm2) substrate. Based on the results, we tried to establish whether these nemastomatids can be used as bioindicators of forest and shrub soil quality or not. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory and in the natural environment in the places where the experimental individuals were collected. We used net-cages placed in the experimental arena, which on the one hand, enabled the preparation of specific experimental subtrates, and on the other, exact dismantling of the experimental substrate within the arena. In evaluation of the results, we combined methods from the theory of graphs and statistical analytical methods. To determine the distribution of individuals, we used adapted model from the theory of graphs and spatial autocorrelation. There was no difference in spatial distribution between males and females, and between the experiments in laboratory and in nature. In uncompressed substrate, the individuals aggregated in groups. They preferred the uncompressed substrate, few of them were present in the slightly compressed substrate (0.1 kg/cm2), while they were absent in strongly compressed substrate (1.0 kg/cm2). Upon our experimens we conclude that a loose substrate appears to be a necessary, but not sufficient condition for the presence of the Nemastoma. We can confirm the siutability of these organisms as bioindicators for in situ determination of the soil quality with respect to its strength and structure.
Keywords:	bioindicators, Nemastoma bidentatum, soil strength, soil substrate

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