Dejavniki zaupanja v institucije formalnega družbenega nadzorstva : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Pirnat, Urška

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Title:	Dejavniki zaupanja v institucije formalnega družbenega nadzorstva : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija
Authors:	ID Pirnat, Urška (Author) ID Meško, Gorazd (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UNI_Pirnat_Urska_2013.pdf (908,19 KB) MD5: 3E4ECEFF6427E9D99524882C27537B9A
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security
Abstract:	Formalno družbeno nadzorstvo s svojim delovanjem vzpostavlja red v družbi in preprečuje oziroma poskuša preprečevati odklonsko in deviantno vedenje posameznikov. To počnejo institucije formalnega družbenega nadzorstva, najbolj prepoznavni so policija in sodišča, ne smemo pa pozabiti še na zavode za prestajanje kazni in carine. Deviantna vedenja preprečujejo z različnimi mehanizmi, pri tem si pomagajo s pravnimi in nepravnimi sredstvi, najpomembnejša mehanizma pa sta kaznovanje in nadzorovanje. Institucije formalnega družbenega nadzorstva ne morejo delovati učinkovito brez sodelovanja javnosti, saj so posamezniki tisti, ki v večini primerov prijavijo kazniva dejanja in so očividci kaznivih dejanj. Sodelovanja javnosti si ne moremo predstavljati brez zaupanja v te institucije, saj so ljudje, ki zaupajo v policijo in sodstvo, bolj pripravljeni sodelovati z njimi in jim pomagati. Da bi povečali zaupanje javnosti v institucije formalnega družbenega nadzorstva, moramo opredeliti dejavnike, ki so ključni za zaupanje v te institucije. Najpomembnejši dejavnik je zagotovo stik s temi institucijami, natančneje s policisti in sodišči. Če posameznik v stiku s policisti pridobi slabo izkušnjo, njegovo zaupanje pade in je v prihodnje manj pripravljen sodelovati z njimi. Pri stikih pa je treba izpostaviti tri ključne dejavnike, ki vplivajo na to, ali bo izkušnja dobra ali slaba, in sicer postopkovno pravičnost, legitimnost in vedenje policistov oziroma sodnikov. Pomemben dejavnik je tudi učinkovitost institucij, saj se posamezniki, ko dobijo vtis, da so policija in sodišča učinkoviti in preganjajo storilce kaznivih dejanj, počutijo varnejše, njihovo zaupanje v te institucije pa se poveča. Prav tako kot dejavnikov zaupanja ne smemo zanemariti vpliva gospodarske in politične krize, zviševanja stopnje korupcije, stopnje kriminalitete na določenem območju in demografskih dejavnikov (spol, starost, zaposlitveni status … ). Pri tej diplomski nalogi smo prišli do sklepa, da je zaupanje v institucije formalnega družbenega nadzorstva pomembno za njihovo delovanje in na splošno za podporo demokratičnemu sistemu. Pomembno je tudi sodelovanje javnosti z institucijami, saj se tako veča njihova učinkovitost, najpomembnejši dejavnik zaupanja pa so izkušnje z institucijami formalnega družbenega nadzorstva.
Keywords:	kriminologija, družbeno nadzorstvo, formalno nadzorstvo, policija, sodstvo, legitimnost, postopkovna pravičnost, zaupanje, diplomske naloge
Place of publishing:	[Ljubljana
Publisher:	U. Pirnat]
Year of publishing:	2013
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-42506
UDC:	343.9(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	2702314
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:HQUQHTRK
Publication date in DKUM:	04.12.2013
Views:	2915
Downloads:	355
Metadata:
Categories:	FVV
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English

Abstract:

Formal social control is essential for society because it brings peace and order, and attempts to prevent crime and criminal behaviour. This is the work for institutions of formal social control, such as police, courts of justice and jails. They prevent criminal behaviour with many different mechanisms, the most significant of which are control and punishment. Institutions of formal social control cannot work properly without public cooperation because in many cases eyewitnesses report crime and help the police with providing information. We cannot imagine the general public’s cooperation without trust in institutions of formal social control: when people trust the police and courts, they are more likely to cooperate with them in comparison to those people who do not have trust and confidence in them. In order to improve trust and cooperation with institutions of formal social control, it is essential to determine and study the factors of trust in institutions of formal social control. The most influential factor that shapes public trust is contact with these institutions. Procedural justice, legitimacy and behaviour are factors that determine whether the experience with the police will be good or bad and whether it will have influence on the public’s trust. Effectiveness is another key factor of these institutions, because when people think that police and courts are effective, they feel safer and are more willing to trust the police and courts. There are several other factors that must be mentioned, such as economic and political crises, corruption, levels of crime in neighbourhoods and demographic factors (age, gender, employment, education, etc.). With this study, it can be concluded that trust in institutions of formal social control is essential for their work and also for maintaining and supporting the democratic system; moreover, trust in institutions increase public cooperation with institutions, which increases their effectiveness.

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